Hipomineralização molar incisivo em escolares da zona oeste de Manaus/AM.

Abstract

This study aims to evaluate the prevalence of Molar–Incisor Hypomineralization (MIH) in elementary school students from Manaus, Amazonas. This is an observational, analytical, descriptive, and cross-sectional study conducted with students enrolled in a public elementary school located in the western region of Manaus, Amazonas. The clinical examination was carried out after examiner calibration, and oral cavity assessment was performed using disposable wooden spatulas and individually pre-sterilized clinical instruments. To assess dental caries, the dmft/DMFT index was used according to the criteria established for SB 2023. MIH was evaluated following the criteria proposed by Ghanim et al. (2015). For statistical analysis, the variables related to the presence of MIH were considered dependent, while all other variables were treated as independent. A total of 103 students participated in the study, of whom 59.2% were female, with a mean age of 9.5 years. The prevalence of MIH was 10.7%, while 24.3% of the students presented fluorosis. The mean dmft/DMFT index was 1.14, with 61.2% of the students being caries-free. There was no statistically significant association between MIH and dental caries (p = 0.394), nor between MIH and sex (p = 0.738). It is concluded that fluorosis was the most prevalent enamel defect among students in the western region of Manaus, followed by MIH and demarcated opacities. No significant association was found between MIH and the variables dental caries or sex.