Tuberculose nas populações indígena: revisão integrativa da literatura

Abstract

Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis that affects the lungs and is related to socioeconomic conditions. It is a serious public health problem in Brazil, especially among indigenous populations. Objective: To identify evidence in scientific production about the main factors that increase the susceptibility of indigenous populations to new cases of tuberculosis. Method: This is an integrative literature review that used controlled descriptors: tuberculosis, indigenous population, risk factors, Brazil, to retrieve scientific productions in the LILACS and Medline databases, published in the last 5 years. Results: Fourteen scientific articles about tuberculosis in indigenous populations of Brazil were included; published in Portuguese and English; in the indexed databases, 7 (50%) from LILACS and 7 (50%) from Medline. Of these production, 7 (50%) were published in Portuguese and 7 (50%) in English. Regarding the type of study, 3 (23%) were epidemiological, 3 (23%) were ecological, 2 (15%) were case-control studies and the others used different methods. Conclusion: This review showed that the high rates of tuberculosis in the Brazilian indigenous population have been a consequence not only of social vulnerability factors, but also of geographic and cultural barriers that hinder effective diagnosis and treatment to combat the disease.