Linha de cuidado de enfermagem em HIV/AIDS no pós-pandemia: comparação entre o modelo tradicional e o modelo apoiado por inteligência artificial

Abstract

This study aimed to analyze, using artificial intelligence, the nursing care pathways in HIV/AIDS patients who showed favorable outcomes, in order to identify common patterns related to their clinical and care trajectory. Method: A quantitative, observational, and retrospective study was conducted using 20 patient records from a referral hospital in the Northern region of Brazil, between 2020 and 2022. Sociodemographic, clinical, laboratory, and care variables were analyzed, organized with the support of a natural language model for categorization into three groups: continuous care and complete adherence, irregular adherence and early abandonment, and fragmented or non-existent care. Results: The sample consisted of 20 patients, 70% male and 30% female, predominantly residing in peripheral urban areas of Manaus, characterized by high social vulnerability. Low levels of education and limited income were observed, factors that directly influenced adherence to treatment and continuity of care. The analysis revealed that patients with regular, multidisciplinary follow-up showed better clinical outcomes, including viral suppression and adequate CD4 levels. Conversely, cases with irregular adherence or fragmented follow-up showed greater social vulnerability and risk of abandonment. The comparison between the traditional nursing model and the simulated model with Artificial Intelligence (AI) support indicated that technological incorporation can increase adherence to ART from 60% to 85%, increase the regularity of consultations, and reduce outpatient dropouts by up to 50%, by allowing automated monitoring, telemonitoring, and early detection of care risks. Conclusion: The integration between nursing practice and AI technological support proved promising for strengthening the HIV/AIDS care pathway, favoring therapeutic adherence and continuity of care. However, healthcare remains essentially human, requiring a therapeutic bond, effective communication, and an empathetic approach as the basis for trust and treatment success.