Carcinoma espinocelular bucal e a importância de um diagnóstico precoce - relato de caso

Abstract

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a malignant neoplasm of etiology and histopathological characteristics varied. It’s a disease that arises in the epithelium, which coats the oral cavity and includes tumors found in tongue, lip, gingival area, palate, buccal floor and mucosa. Genetic, environmental and behavioral factors are considered as possible causes of such disease. The main objective of this study was to report a clinical case, related to the diagnosis of OSCC and its prognosis. Patient attended the service of the Training Course in Stomatology and Oral Pathology of the State University of Amazonas with main complaint of "wound that began in the tongue and increases". Intraoral examination revealed extensive ulcer in the retromolar region, tongue, lingual face of adjacent teeth and right tonsil. The extraoral examination presented swelling of firm consistency and painful complaint. The histopathological examination revealed hyperplastic parakeratinized squamous epithelium, which transitioned to the ulcerated area by dysplastic and infiltrative region with cells, which showed marked hyperchromatism, bizarreism, pleomorphism, atypical mitoses, loss of organization of stratification, loss of intercellular adhesion, and areas of dyskeratosis. The diagnosis of buccal squamous cell carcinoma with a well differentiated character was evidenced and the patient was referred to the Oncology Control Center Foundation of the State of Amazonas for immediate treatment of the disease. Next work serves as an alert to the dentists on the need to know and be able to suspect precancerous / cancerous lesions still in the initial state; responsibility for early diagnosis and its effectiveness; and promote the most favorable prognosis