Prevalência da infecção por eritrovírus B19V em pacientes portadores de doenças hematológicas

Abstract

Parvovirus B19 (B19V) infects erythroid precursor cells, compromising red blood cell production. This can trigger severe anemia and other hematological diseases in susceptible patients. However, data on B19V epidemiology in patients with hematological diseases are scarce, especially in the Northern region of Brazil. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of IgG and IgM antibodies against B19V, and to detect B19 DNA, in patients with hematological diseases undergoing treatment at a large blood center in the western Brazilian Amazon. Plasma samples from 421 patients were subjected to enzyme immunoassay for the detection of anti-B19V IgG and IgM antibodies. Subsequently, all samples underwent qPCR for viral DNA detection. B19V infection was prevalent in more than half of the study population (55.11%). Notably, women (PR: 1.62; 95% CI: 1.10–2.41; p = 0.016) and individuals aged 60 and above (PR: 7.72; 95% CI: 3.77–15.80; p = 0.016) were more susceptible to infection, as were patients with thrombophilia, lymphoma, and anemia, with thrombophilia showing the highest vulnerability (PR: 6.52; 95% CI: 1.78–23.88). Twelve e patients were positive for IgM anti-B19, and the presence of B19V DNA was confirmed in 2 patients (0.46%). Patients with hematological diseases, especially thrombophilia, are at increased risk of B19V infection, underscoring the importance of epidemiological surveillance and prevention strategies to improve clinical outcomes. of IgG and IgM antibodies against B19V, and the presence of B19 DNA, in patients with hematological diseases undergoing treatment at a major blood center in the western Brazilian Amazon