Frugivoria e dispersão de sementes por saguinus bicolor no parque municipal do Mindú (Manaus, Amazonas)

Abstract

Seed dispersal is an extremely important process for plant population dynamics, especially when these animals transport seeds through endozoochory where they favor the rate and speed of seed germination. The main objective of this work was to evaluate the degree of frugivory and dispersing potential of Sauim-de-collar (Saguinus bicolor) in Mindú Municipal Park. Samples were taken five to three days a week, four hours a day for eighteen uninterrupted months, totaling 1056 hours of observation. Group sighting sites and feeding trees were recorded on the park map. Seeds of the species consumed by the sauins were also collected and placed in plastic containers with vermiculite for the germination test. The sampling method used was scan sampling, with a sampling period of five minutes and an interval of three. At first, nine collar sauins were found in the park, forming two red-collar with three individuals and blue-collar with six individuals. The results show that the species uses 56% of the time consuming fruits, 25% insects, 12% extracting exudate from the trees, and 2% preying on small vertebrates such as arboreal lizards. The exploited plant species were Spodians mobiam (taperebá), Maguifera indica (mango); Garcinia gardneriana (bucuri), Euterpe precatoria (acai); Inga sp, Inga edulis, Inga longiflora and Bellucia glossularioides (tapir guava) and Ponteira sp (abiu). The insects consumed were those of the order Orthoptera (green grasshopper), insects of the order Hemiptera (cicadas) and Araquinidae. Germination tests of Garcinia gardneriana indicated that 60% of the experimental samples and 30% of the seeds of the control sample germinated throughout the study. Research has shown that sauim-de-colada are quite adapted to anthropized fragments that their diet is mostly composed of fruits and supplemented by insects, exudates. Keywords: Eating behavior; urban fragment; Germ Test.