Candidose crônica hiperplásica: relato de caso

Abstract

Chronic hyperplastic candidiasis (CHC) is an opportunistic infection characterized by well- defined white plaques that cannot be removed by scraping, typically associated with persistent infection by Candida albicans. Although C. albicans is the primary etiological agent, other Candida species may also be involved, especially in individuals with predisposing factors such as smoking, use of removable prostheses, immunosuppression, and systemic conditions like diabetes mellitus. CHC has significant clinical relevance due to its potential for malignant transformation, requiring accurate diagnosis and appropriate therapeutic management. Diagnosis is established through clinical evaluation combined with complementary exams and histopathological analysis, which allows differentiation from other oral conditions with similar presentations. Treatment includes topical or systemic antifungal therapy, elimination of predisposing factors, and, in some cases, surgical removal of the lesion. This study presents a case report of CHC in a patient treated at the Dental Clinic of the University of the State of Amazonas, describing its clinical and histopathological characteristics, as well as the therapeutic approach implemented. The analysis reinforces the importance of early diagnosis and interdisciplinary management to prevent recurrence and associated risks.