Análise da relação entre as ocorrências de inundações e precipitação na cidade de Manaus para o ano de 2014
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Universidade do Estado do Amazonas
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This work presents a study on the relationship between rainfall and number of floods in the
city of Manaus-AM. In order to explore this relationship, flood records of the Civil Defense
of Manaus were used for the period from 2010 to 2014. The rainfall variability over the city
was analyzed through rainfall records of rain gauges distributed in five of the six zones that
comprise the urban zone of Manaus for the year 2014. Pearson's correlation was used to
validate the results. In general, it can be said that the stations SBMN, MAUÁ, BETA and EST
followed the seasonal precipitation of the city of Manaus. On the other hand, the ALFA and
SBEG stations presented different behavior. ALFA with low rainfall rates from April to
October, and also in December. SBEG presented monthly accumulations superior to the
climatology from March to December, mainly emphasizing the behavior of the rains during
the dry period (jul-ago-set). This distinct behavior among the zones must have been caused by
differences in land use, proximity to forested areas and influence of river breeze. With respect
to flood cases, when monthly totals are analyzed for each year, greater records are observed
during the rainy season and during the months of occurrence of Rio Negro maximum levels.
The year of 2014 presented high values in the months of March (associated with accumulated
precipitation in all zones), May and June, where the last two coincides with the months of
occurrences of Rio Negro maximum levels. In relation to other years, the year 2011 presented
the highest number of cases for the rainiest months (February and April) that may be
associated with the increase of precipitation over the region due to a strong La Niña event
occurring in the years 2010-2011 . The neighborhoods that stood out as the most susceptible
to flood events were those of Jorge Teixeira (ZL), Terra Nova (ZN), Educandos (ZS), Tarumã
(ZO), Alvorada (ZCO) and Flores (ZCS). The zones where the stations of MAUÁ, BETA and
EST are located showed a strong correlation between precipitation and floods, when
considering the monthly totals. Nevertheless, through the test of significance, only the BETA
(ZN) station showed a correlation with a relatively strong degree. On the other hand, the
results related to the daily correlation did not present significant values, presenting great
dispersion in all the areas considered.