Estratégias utilizadas por alunos da educação básica em problemas matemáticos da prova brasil

Abstract

The present work is based on responses provided to mathematical problems regarding to Prova Brasil (Brazil Exam) assessment system, by students from 9th grade of Brazilian Public Elementary Schools. The problems were proposed during a pedagogical activity carried out by a group of researchers from the Education Observatory, and the resolutions registered by the students in notebooks and simulations have been analyzed from the perspective of different strategies that can be used to solve problems. According to the technical procedures adopted, this study is characterized as a case study that aims to verify if the students use such strategies and if those forms may contribute to improve correct answering rate. During the practice and analysis of the resolutions, were considered the strategies of Drawing, Trial and error, Working in reverse, Solving a simpler problem, Organizing tables, Elimination and Formal calculation. In the selection of problems to be proposed during the pedagogical intervention, it was aimed to contemplate the diverse content from Reference Matrix regarding to Prova Brasil evaluation system, however this work presents the analysis of some problems that involve the operations with rational numbers, similar triangles and polygons properties, equivalence and comparison of fractions, among others. The research showed that Formal calculation was the most used strategy; however, alternative strategies proved to be more effective in most of the problems. Key-words: Resolution Strategies. Problem Resolution. Mathematics.