Avaliação do conforto térmico para quatro diferentes locais de Manaus AM
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Universidade do Estado do Amazonas
Resumo
The continuous growth of Manaus has direct impact on landscape, with the
replacement of green areas for materials that have a higher heat capacity, such as
concrete, asphalt, roofing, among others. As a result, there are changes in the urban
microclimate, and consequently on the thermal comfort of the population, which can
still be aggravated during the occurrence of climate systems such as El Niño that
reduces precipitation significantly in the region. In this study, we evaluated both the
meteorological variables and human comfort index (HCI) obtained in four (4) different
locations, three (3) in the urban area of Manaus, and one (1) in the rural area
surrounding the city. The seasonality of the HCI was related with the distribution of
precipitation throughout the year, with a variation of 4.0, 4.4 and 5.0 °C between
October and December, in the stations EST, IFAM and CMM, in that order. HCI
differences between sites indicate direct relation with the characteristics of the
analyzed surface coverage. Although the relative humidity is larger in rural area, this
is more comfortable because of the lower temperatures. For the stations of the urban
area, located in the central region of the city, it was the least thermally comfortable,
surpassing the air temperature by up to 13.8° C. Despite the similar features in EST
and IFAM, higher temperatures in IFAM are found because this stations is installed
on top of the roof, resulting in approximately 1.0° C higher HCI. In addition to the
influence of surface coverage on ICH between sites, the occurrence of the very
strong El Niño 2015/16 has enhanced the thermal discomfort in the South zone of
Manaus, with difference compared to 2018 of up to 4.0° C.