Diagnóstico de carcinoma espinocelular moderadamente diferenciado HPV associado em paciente senil: relato de caso

Abstract

Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a common malignancy in the head and neck region, accounting for more than 90% of cases of oral malignancies. Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a double-stranded virus belonging to the papillomaviridae family that lives in the cutaneous and mucosal epithelium due to its specific tropism for epithelium. More than 200 types of HPV have been described, but not all are related to oral cavity disease. High-risk HPV types are associated with dysplasia and SCC, especially HPV16 and 18. The objective of this study is to report the diagnosis of moderately differentiated SCC associated with HPV in a senile patient, with the aid of immunohistochemistry, since histopathological examination alone was not sufficient to confirm the viral etiology of the malignancy. A 67-year-old female patient was referred to the POUEA stomatology clinic, presenting clinically with a leukoerythroplastic lesion of lichenoid pattern measuring approximately 2 cm in the anterior 2/3 of the right lateral border of the tongue, with an ulcer in the center. An incisional biopsy was performed and the histopathological report showed moderately differentiated SCC. Immunohistochemical analysis was recommended, where the biomarkers PanCK, P16 and P53 tested positive and Ki-67 had a rate of 40%, which certified HPV as the etiological agent of the malignancy.