Variação das características anatômicas foliares e do caule no cipó Banisteriopsis caapi (Spruce ex Griseb.) Morton (Malpighiaceae) e sua correlação com diferentes condições de disponibilidade hídrica no Centro-Oeste da Amazônia brasileira

Abstract

Changes in the morphological and anatomical characteristics of plants can be directly linked to adaptations as a function of environmental variations. Variations in the anatomical stomata, stomata and venation densities, and xylem vessel density and diameter of xylem vessels can be associated with variations in water availability, as a strategy for regulating water loss. a strategy for regulating water loss. The liana species Banisteriopsis caapi (Spruce ex Griseb.) Morton (Malpighiaceae), presents variations in its morphological and anatomical structures associated with variations in the availability of environmental resources. However, little is known if characteristics of stomata, venation and xylem vessels of this species and how environmental factors may be related to these variations. variations. Therefore, the present work aimed to analyze whether changes in the configurations of stomata, venation and xylem vessels of B. caapi are associated with variations in water water availability, and if these characteristics are coordinated. For this, we evaluated stomatal density and length, venation density, xylem vessel density and diameter xylem, of 53 individuals from 13 localities throughout the Western Amazon. At at each site we estimated water availability, characterized by the climatologically accumulated maximum water deficit (MCWD) and verified its effect on anatomical characteristics by regression analysis. through regression analysis. We observed a significant effect of water availability on variations in stomatal density and leaf venation density and a non-significant relationship significant with the other leaf and wood characteristics. In addition, we observed a weak coordination between leaf and wood characteristics. Thus, we found that for this species, there seems to be a more significant adjustment of leaf characteristics in relation to the environment, while the wood characteristics showed no adjustment to the environment. Knowledge of these relationships contributes to predictions of how B. caapi may respond to different water availability in the environment, in addition to conducting management and management strategies and conservation of this species. Key-words: Anatomical variability; climatological maximum water deficit.