Diversidade de macrofungos poroides (agaricomycetes, basidiomycota) da bacia hidrográfica do rio Tarumã-Açu, Manaus/AM

Abstract

Fungi are living organisms that inhabit a wide variety of environments, both terrestrial and aquatic, and are capable of adapting to a diverse range of substrates. Although the Amazon has been the focus of numerous scientific studies, research on fungal diversity remains limited and lacking in scope, which could lead to the loss of valuable information regarding the region's species richness. The primary threats to fungal diversity include habitat destruction and fragmentation, climate change, pollution, and the presence of invasive species. In this context, the Tarumã-Açu River Basin (BHRTA), located in the municipality of Manaus (AM), is under threat due to urban expansion and diverse land use, underscoring the urgency of studying the diversity of fungal taxa in this area. This research aimed to explore the diversity of poroid macrofungi (Agaricomycetes, Basidiomycota) in the lower course of the Tarumã-Açu River Basin, Manaus/AM. Four field collections were conducted between September 2023 and August 2024 at four locations within the BHRTA using standardized techniques for sampling and preservation. Specimens were analyzed for macro- and micromorphological features and identified based on available taxonomic descriptions. In total, 13 specimens were collected and identified, represented across 8 species, 7 genera, 4 families, and 2 orders, with Polyporales being the most representative, followed by Hymenochaetales. Cerrena hydnoides was the most frequently recorded species, while decaying logs were the most common substrate. This study represents a significant contribution to the understanding of Amazonian mycodiversity and provides essential data and materials for future research in taxonomy, ecology, and biotechnology. Keywords: Amazon; Lignocellulolytic fungi; Hymenochaetales; Polyporales; Taxonomy.