Análise das coinfecções mais frequentes em pacientes com HIV/AIDS que evoluíram para óbito no ano de 2020 em um hospital de referência no Amazonas

Abstract

To analyze the most frequent co-infections in patients with HIV/AIDS who died in 2020 at a Reference Hospital in Manaus, Amazonas. Method: Epidemiological, retrospective, and descriptive study. The sample consisted of 181 patient records, analyzed using a database built in Microsoft Excel and evaluated with the BioEstat program. Results: More than 29 opportunistic infections were identified. The most frequent were respiratory infections, such as tuberculosis (34.25%), pneumonia (21.55%), and respiratory failure (14.36%). Among fungal infections, oral candidiasis (15.47%) and toxoplasmosis (5.52%) stood out. Other co-infections included acute renal failure (14.92%), neoplasms (5.52%), and STIs (1.66%), in addition to cardiac, hepatic, and hematologic involvement, which were less prevalent. The inclusion of COVID-19-related infections brought new challenges to clinical management. Conclusion: Respiratory, fungal, and neurological co-infections prevailed among patients, reinforcing the clinical severity associated with HIV/AIDS. These conditions are aggravated by socioeconomic factors, especially in Northern Brazil. The study highlights the need for early diagnosis, adherence to antiretroviral therapy, and preventive strategies to reduce morbidity and mortality and improve care for this vulnerable population.