Aspectos nutricionais de pacientes com doença renal crônica em terapia renal substitutiva por hemodiálise

Abstract

To evaluate the nutritional aspects of patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis renal replacement therapy. Method: This is a prospective, cross- sectional, quantitative study. The sample consisted of 109 patients. The variables analyzed in the study were: gender, age, education level, current occupation, time since diagnosis of chronic kidney disease, time on hemodialysis, type of venous access, associated diseases, BMI, body mass, macro and micronutrients. Data collection was performed using a form created from the variables and bioimpedance. Data analysis was performed using Microsoft Excel, using statistical methods: mean, median, and standard deviation. Results: The study with 109 patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis showed a male predominance, a majority of mixed race, and a high prevalence of hypertension and diabetes. Bioimpedance revealed overweight associated with low lean mass and hypervolemia, indicating sarcopenic obesity and fluid overload. Laboratory markers suggest malnutrition and chronic inflammation. Conclusion: The findings show that hemodialysis patients have significant clinical and nutritional vulnerability, highlighting the need for continuous monitoring and a multidisciplinary approach to optimize health status and quality of life.