O desenvolvimento da criança com transtorno do espectro autista: os desafios da educação na perspectiva inclusiva

Abstract

This research aimed to understand how the development and learning process of children with Autistic Spectrum Disorder can be contemplated in a pedagogical practice from the perspective of inclusive education, knowing the development and learning processes of people with ASD, identifying, in teachers' perception, how to contemplate the development of the person with ASD from the perspective of inclusive education and, by analyzing through the teacher's speech, how education from the inclusive perspective can contribute to the development of the person with ASD. The guiding questions of the research were: How is the development of children with ASD characterized? What are the difficulties experienced by teachers in the schools in question in implementing the perspective of inclusive education? How does the pedagogical work developed in the classroom address the developmental and learning needs of children with ASD? From the educator's perspective, how can parents contribute to the development of children with ASD? Methodologically the research is characterized as field, with a qualitative approach, using dialectics and content analysis as a method of data analysis. The data collection instruments were: questionnaires conducted with teachers, semi-structured interviews with parents, besides the records of the field notebook used in the activities of Supervised Internships. It was used a questionnaire with 5 teachers of the nursery, first and second periods. The locus of the research was a municipal school in the South Zone of Manaus-Am. The survey results were grouped into two broad categories: (1) Teachers' perceptions of the student with ASD, and (2) Inclusion of the student with ASD in the common class. As a result of the research, it was found that the understanding of the development and learning of the person with ASD depends on several factors and, therefore, it is essential for educators to continue the study and the theme and the best way to develop a practice in the field. educational perspective from an inclusive perspective.