Produção de Tecnologia educacional sobre a perda precoce do primeiro molar permanente em crianças e adolescentes de 6 a 12 anos de uma Unidade Básica de Saúde ribeirinha de Autazes-Amazonas

Abstract

To develop a serial album prototype aimed at promoting oral health and preventing early loss of the first permanent molar, intended for parents and/or guardians of children and adolescents receiving care at the Santa Verônica Basic Health Unit, in the village of Urucurituba, municipality of Autazes, Amazonas, Brazil, for dialogic use mediated by health professionals. Methods: This technical and technological development study was based on the first three stages of the ADDIE model: Analysis, Design, and Development. The Analysis stage included a quantitative, observational, cross-sectional study conducted between January and April 2026 with 131 children and adolescents aged 6 to 12 years. Oral clinical examinations were performed using the dmft index for primary dentition and the DMFT index for permanent dentition, according to criteria adopted by the SB Brasil survey and the World Health Organization, and a questionnaire was administered to the participants’ guardians. Data were analyzed using SPSS 20.0, with descriptive statistics, Pearson’s chi-square test for associations between categorical variables, and the Kruskal-Wallis test to compare dmft and DMFT values across age groups, adopting a 5% significance level. The Design stage was supported by the epidemiological findings and a narrative literature review; during the Development stage, the album’s textual and visual content was structured and adapted to the context of Amazonian riverine communities. Results: The prevalence of dental caries experience was 83.2%. Dmft values differed significantly across age groups (Kruskal-Wallis; p=0.001), whereas no statistically significant differences were observed for DMFT values (p=0.337). Early loss of at least one first permanent molar occurred in 12.2% of participants and was associated with family income and the reason for the most recent dental visit (p<0.05), being more frequent among participants whose most recent dental visit was motivated by pain or tooth extraction. Mandibular first permanent molars, especially teeth 36 and 46, were the most frequently affected. The prototype was organized into ten thematic axes covering the identification and importance of the first permanent molar, consequences of early loss, dental caries, oral hygiene, diet, dental visits, warning signs, services available at the Basic Health Unit, and family participation. Conclusion: The findings indicate oral health inequalities and reinforce the need for continuous preventive actions. The serial album is a context-sensitive educational technology with the potential to support oral health literacy and the preservation of the first permanent molar.