Ocorrência e distribuição geográfica de ervas-de-passarinho na Amazônia

Abstract

Amazonian plant diversity is characterized by multiple intraspecific and interspecific resource interactions. In the condition of hemiparasites, plant species remove only the raw sap from the hosts, such as the " mistletoe". The objective of this study was to characterize the occurrence and spatial distribution of plant parasite relationships between mistletoe and their hosts in the Amazon. Data for characterization and distribution of species were obtained from the Herbarium of the National Institute of Amazonian Research. Georeferencing was inferred using the Google Maps tool and Google Earth and generated species distribution maps for the Amazon biome with the Qgiz Program. A total of 1554 mistletoe individuals were recorded in two families, Loranthaceae (1180) and Santalaceae (362), distributed in 96 species. The most common species was Passovia rufa (Mart.) Tiegh. (145 records). For host trees, 358 records were identified, distributed in 60 families, 40 genera and 41 species. The host family Fabaceae had 48 records (14 genera and 06 species) of mistletoe infestation. The host plant Curatella americana L. presented Phoradendron piperoides (Kunth) Trel infestations. - (05 of 10 records). The largest spatial distribution of mistletoe species occurred by Phoradendron crassifolium (Pohl ex DC.) Eichler distributed among Brazil, Guyana, Colombia, Bolivia, Venezuela and French Guiana. It was concluded that mistletoe are widely distributed in the Amazon, the Loranthaceae family is more diverse and abundant of these hemiparasites in the biome. Faça as correctoes para refletir a revisão do resumo Keywords: Hemiparasites; Loranthaceae; Santalaceae.