Adesão ao pré-natal odontológico no município de Tapauá-Amazonas

Abstract

Prenatal dental care (PNO) is important for assessing the risk and presence of oral diseases that could compromise the health and well-being of the pregnant woman and her baby. It is the opportune moment to identify possible risks to the pregnant woman's oral health, carry out timely treatment and promote educational-preventive actions. Objective: To identify adherence to dental prenatal care in the city of Tapauá, Amazonas, with the purpose of contributing to the planning of actions and strategies that strengthen the PNO within the scope of Primary Care. Methods: Cross-sectional study of a quantitative nature involving pregnant women in primary care in Tapauá, Amazonas. A questionnaire was applied covering questions related to the oral health of pregnant women and prenatal dental care (PNO). It also consists of questions for demographic, socioeconomic characterization, access and use of dental services, reported oral morbidity and perception of the pregnant woman. For correlation analysis, the Spearman test was used (p<0.05). Results: 132 pregnant women participated in the study, in which the average age was 24.1 years (SD = 6.8), in which 55.3% had not completed high school, 68.9% were mixed race, 62. 9% have a family income of less than 2 minimum wages and 65.9% live with four or more people in the household. Regarding adherence to the PNO, the majority of pregnant women - 78.0% - perform the PNO. Regarding how pregnant women see the importance of PNO and oral health self-care, 76.5% reported that it is important or very important to have a dental appointment during pregnancy (p=0.017) and 70.5% consider that the oral health can be influenced by pregnancy (p=0.013). It was observed that the use of medication (p=0.005) and not being afraid of going to the dentist during pregnancy (p=0.015) are factors that interfere with adherence to the PNO. Furthermore, age group, benefit from the Bolsa Família, considering good oral health, not noticing gingival bleeding and periodontal changes during pregnancy and the need for cleaning, prevention or review as the reason for the last dental appointment, present a correlation with the completion of the PNO (p<0.05). Conclusion: The data reveal good adherence of pregnant women to the PNO, reasonable knowledge in oral health and few barriers were found for not carrying out the PNO. However, it is necessary to intensify oral health education actions to raise awareness among pregnant women about the importance of appropriate use of dental services, thus contributing to an increase in the number of consultations with the dental surgeon and ensuring monitoring of PNO in an affective way. It is hoped that this study can promote education and prevention actions in the municipality's UBS and strengthen integration between health teams, thus offering pregnant women comprehensive, quality and humanized health care