Navegando por Autor "Oliveira, Maria Betânia Leal de"

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Avaliação do conforto térmico para quatro diferentes locais de Manaus AM
(Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, 2019-12-06) Capobiango, Katharina De Carvalho; Souza, Jaidete Monteiro de; Oliveira, Maria Betânia Leal de; Dehaini, Jamile; Santos, Rosa Maria Nascimento dos; Oliveira, Maria Betânia Leal de
The continuous growth of Manaus has direct impact on landscape, with the replacement of green areas for materials that have a higher heat capacity, such as concrete, asphalt, roofing, among others. As a result, there are changes in the urban microclimate, and consequently on the thermal comfort of the population, which can still be aggravated during the occurrence of climate systems such as El Niño that reduces precipitation significantly in the region. In this study, we evaluated both the meteorological variables and human comfort index (HCI) obtained in four (4) different locations, three (3) in the urban area of Manaus, and one (1) in the rural area surrounding the city. The seasonality of the HCI was related with the distribution of precipitation throughout the year, with a variation of 4.0, 4.4 and 5.0 °C between October and December, in the stations EST, IFAM and CMM, in that order. HCI differences between sites indicate direct relation with the characteristics of the analyzed surface coverage. Although the relative humidity is larger in rural area, this is more comfortable because of the lower temperatures. For the stations of the urban area, located in the central region of the city, it was the least thermally comfortable, surpassing the air temperature by up to 13.8° C. Despite the similar features in EST and IFAM, higher temperatures in IFAM are found because this stations is installed on top of the roof, resulting in approximately 1.0° C higher HCI. In addition to the influence of surface coverage on ICH between sites, the occurrence of the very strong El Niño 2015/16 has enhanced the thermal discomfort in the South zone of Manaus, with difference compared to 2018 of up to 4.0° C.
Curumins do tempo: um projeto que visa à aproximação da sociedade com a Meteorologia
(Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, 2019-01-17) Oliveira, Maria Betânia Leal de; Fernandes Filho, Silas Farias; Barbosa, Rafael Gomes; Chaves, Daniela Correa; Souza, Rita Valéria Andreoli de; Souza, Rodrigo Augusto Ferreira de
The present paper is a report of activities developed during the execution of the Curumins do Tempo Project, submitted and approved in the Institutional Extension Program of the Amazonas State University (PROGEX/UEA, No. 38/2017- GR). It aims to promote the interaction between the university and society with regard to meteorology, in order to arouse interest in this subject. During the execution of the project students had the opportunity to understand how the air temperature, precipitation, wind speed, and other meteorological elements are measured in practice. We have presented different models of equipment that can be used for these measurements and their advances over the years, what physical units of measurement are used for each variable, and how these measures relate to weather and climate that are part of our daily routine, such as clouds, seasons, and thermal comfort. For so many models, posters, and practical activities were used in order to facilitate and make pleasant understanding of these topics related to meteorology, thus motivating these “Curumins do Tempo” to pass on the acquired knowledge.
Relação entre o modo meridional de TSM no Pacífico e o ENOS e seus efeitos sobre a precipitação na Amazônia
(Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, 2019-12-06) Moraes, Djanir Sales de; Souza, Rita Valéria Andreoli de; Dehaini, Jamile; Oliveira, Maria Betânia Leal de
In this study we aim to caracterize the Pacific Meridional Mode (PMM) of Sea Surface Temperature (SST) and its relationship with El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the rainfall in the Amazonic region during 1901 to 2010. The methodology of this study is based on the method of Combined and Extended Empirical Orthogonal Function (CEOF and EEOF respectively) to identify the spatial and temporal patterns of the PMM. Composite analyses and linear correlation tools are used to search for the relations between the PMM, ENSO and precipitation. The results show that the spatial pattern of PMM presents a variability of 8 years and is best defined in the months of June through August (JJA). Correlations between the timeseries associated with PMM and precipitation show a temporal dependency, with a change of pattern after the 1980s. The effects combined of ENSO and PMM on the precipitation over Tropical South America were also investigated. In this case, the results suggest that the ocurrence of positive or negative PMM patterns during the initial phase of ENSO events can act in the sense of configurating the positioning of the maximum anomaly centers associated with ENSO and as as consequence alter the pattern of precipitation over the Amazon. On the other hand, ENSO in its decaying phase doesn’t seem to interfere in the development of PMM and its relation with rainfall.
Variabilidade temporal da concentração do monóxido de carbono e ozônio para a Região Metropolitana de Manaus
(Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, 2017-06-09) Souza, Lenízia de; Souza, Rodrigo Augusto Ferreira de; Oliveira, Maria Betânia Leal de; Souza, Rita Valèria Andreoli de
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the variability of the concentration of carbon monoxide (CO) and ozone (O3) over the Metropolitan Region of Manaus (RMM), analyzing its relationships with fires and El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events, from the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) sensor data on board the AQUA satellite for the period from 2003 to 2015. The results showed a similar behavior in relation to the seasonal cycle of the monthly average concentrations of O3 and CO, with the lowest values of CO and O3 occurring in the first half of the year and a gradual increase from June, with peaks in September and October. Due to highest occurrence of fires in the region during its dry season. In relation to the variability associated with ENSO, an increase in O3 and CO concentrations was observed in the year 2015, classified as year of El Niño, in relation to the year 2008 and 2011, classified as La Niña year. The observations made by the environmental satellite AQUA provide a set of useful data for conducting studies on the relationship between climatic conditions and atmospheric pollution levels in the region.