EST - Artigos de Periódicos

URI permanente para esta coleçãohttps://ri.uea.edu.br/handle/riuea/4779

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Estudo de conversores CC-CC utilizados em sistemas de painéis fotovoltaicos residenciais autônomos para aumento de eficiência energética
(Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, 2018-07-23) Silva, Jackeline Dourado da
This objective of this work is the study, design and simulation a DC-DC converter for autonomous residential solar photovoltaic system of low energy consumption, able to optimize energy production and compensate for the shadow effect. In order to do so, it is proposed the implementation of DC-DC converter of voltage lowering type, with the control is based on the technique of Maximum Power Point Tracker (MPPT), with the disturbance and observation algorithm. The proposed project was developed and simulated in the PSIM software, using tools that allow to simulate a photovoltaic panel with the characteristics and behaviors as real as possible. The simulations carried out during this work allowed us to prove that the technique used is able to provide the maximum power extracted from the solar panel to the batteries or loads. It is noteworthy that the obtained results show that the standard method has a good performance of the photovoltaic system, making it interesting for an application.
Análise de eficiência energética de um módulo fotovoltaico com rastreador solar comparado a um módulo fixo
(Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, 2021-07-29) Ramos, Mateus de Azevedo; Bastos, Moisés Pereira; Mazaira Morales, Israel; Faria, Marlene Araújo de; Araújo, Rodrigo Farias
Solar energy has been constantly growing in recent years as an alternative to traditional energy generation. Studies have been carried out around the world to improve assembly techniques for solar energy generation systems, increasing the efficiency of photovoltaic modules, in order to guarantee the maximum generation of the plates. The efficiency of the modules was the basis of this research, using a module together with a solar tracker, checking if there is an improvement in the efficiency of the photovoltaic module and comparing with the efficiency of a fixed module. The tracker was assembled with wooden parts, pipes and an MDF base. The movements performed by the structure were made possible by means of two servomotors, one arranged to ensure movement in the azimutal axis and the other in the altitude axis. So that we could control the movements and read the quantities generated by the modules, we used two Arduino UNO prototyping modules and INA219 current, power and voltage sensors. An interface was developed in the Processing software to allow real-time supervision of the efficiencies of both modules. In addition, the interface allowed the user to perform manual control over the structure's movements, which could also move automatically. The automatic mode of operation was possible thanks to the use of photoresistive sensors, LDRs, which are able to change their resistivity when there is light incidence. In order for the interface to control the movements of the servos and interpret the readings of the photoresistive sensors, we used the Firmata library in one of the Arduino used. As a result, in one of the days analyzed, we obtained an improvement of 2.2% in the efficiency of the module coupled to the tracker, this result could have been better if we had used nominally more efficient panels, but even so, there was proof of efficiency gain.
Robô móvel aspirador autônomo para ambientes domésticos
(Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, 2021-12-20) Marques, Kathrian de França; Bastos, Moisés Pereira; Bastos, Moises Pereira; Kimura Junior , Almir; Mazaira Morales, Israel; Araújo, Rodrigo Farias; Leal, Cleto Cavalcante de Souza
Based on the areas of home automation and mobile robotics, this project presents a technological solution to help clean the floor in residential environments. Analyzing daily life at home, there is a need to automate repetitive and tiring tasks, aiming to optimize the use of time spent and, consequently, increase the comfort of users. This project aimed to model and develop a prototype of a mobile robot to be designed to vacuum solid dirt and dust on the floor of domestic environments. Additive manufacturing was proposed in the construction of mechanical parts of the robot chassis, to integrate with the electronic sensing and control systems. The processing and control system was carried out by the Arduino platform, which provides hardware and free software solutions for prototyping automation systems accessible at low cost. The applicability of the robot is restricted to domestic environments with flat horizontal dry floors. At the end of the project, the result was a functional prototype of a mobile robot capable of suctioning dirt and dust from the floor and moving with certain autonomy in a simple domestic environment. The robot is designed to avoid obstacles, walls and steps.
Conceitos básicos de veículos subaquáticos não tripulados e desafios de implementação na região amazônica
(Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, 2022-05-19) Silva, Eliana Brandão da; Fontes, Jassiel Vladimir Hernández; Maia, Harlysson Wheiny Silva; Maia, Harlysson Wheiny Silva; Amiri, Mojtaba Maali
Much of what lies beneath the surface of rivers and oceans remains unexplored. For this reason, the use of unmanned underwater exploration technologies is becoming increasingly relevant in several areas of engineering, including Naval and Ocean Engineering. Through controlled devices, it is possible to explore previously unknown regions as well as carry out increasingly complex industrial and research activities. The need to use these technologies for underwater exploration in the Amazon region is also relevant; however, so far, there are no academic studies in the north region of Brazil that collect information for the understanding of existing technologies and their basic operating principles. Therefore, the present work aims to compile basic information related to existing unmanned underwater devices, considering topics related to Naval and Ocean Engineering. These include the types of existing devices, relevant propulsive aspects, typical mathematical modeling of their dynamics, and general concepts of stability. Finally, the existing limitations and opportunities to use unmanned underwater vehicles in the rivers of the Amazon region are discussed. It is expected that the present work will serve as a basis for studies related to the possible implementation of unmanned underwater vehicles in this region.
Projeto preliminar de uma embarcação expresso para transporte de passageiros na orla da cidade de Manaus.
(Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, 2022-05-27) Weber, Ramel Cerveira; Evangelista Neto, João; Evangelista Neto, João; Sansone, José Luiz; Brilhante, Paulo Vinícius Silva
The wide rivers of the Amazon region promote the advance of navigation as a major mean of transport for people and goods. In contrast, the heavy forest that surrounds Manaus makes road transport much more difficult and expensive than in vessels, narrowing the access to the region. The populational growth of the capital of Amazonas from the 60’ until today has brought up a concern with urban mobility and alternative means of transport. Taking that into account, this study aims the development of a high-speed marine vehicle project, called “expresso”, which enables people transport at the margins of the Rio Negro river and provides traffic improvements to the city. Based on current marine standards, the softwares AutoCAD, DELFTship, MAXSURF and Microsoft Excel were used in the process of development, along with a database provided by a marine project enterprise. The result of the reasearch, finally, is the preliminary project of a “expresso” vessel that will navigate at 25 knots from Tarumã to Mauazinho neighborhood, as an alternative to urban traffic. Key e; expresso; marine projects; urban mobility.
Estruturas flutuantes como alternativas para aproveitar a energia das correntezas na região amazônica.
(Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, 2022-10-02) Coelho Neto, Eudes José; Hernández Fontes, Jassiel Vladimir; Onety, Renata da Encarnação; Hernández Fontes, Jassiel Vladimir; Hechavarría Pérez, José Ramón; Maia, Harlysson Wheiny Silva; Shadman, Milad; Maali Amiri, Mojtaba
Floating structures are widely used in the Amazon region to develop various activities, including fuel supply, social and health care services, food production, leisure activities, among others. Due to the need to preserve the region and reduce the consumption of fossil fuels to develop a sustainable future, the use of renewable energies using floating systems can be a viable option. The Amazon region has an immense hydrographic basin, with several rivers and their respective tributaries, making this an area with potential to take advantage of hydrokinetic energy. The present work discusses the possibilities of employing naval structures, of floating type, to harnessing energy from currents in the Amazon region. First, a brief review of shipbuilding in the Amazon and the typical floating systems of the region is presented. Subsequently, the most common technologies for harnessing energy from currents are presented. Next, it is presented a simplified concept of a regional floating structure, discussing some alternatives for harnessing renewable energies. Finally, the work discusses the barriers that such a technology can offer during implementation in the Amazon region. The research showed that the use of energy from currents using different types of floating systems can be an option to provide low energy consumption in remote regions without access to the electrical network. However, there is still a necessity of specific regulations to implement such type of technologies.
Medição da elevação da superfície d’água em experimentos 2d usando análise de imagens: uma ferramenta de validação na engenharia naval e oceânica
(Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, 2022-10-11) Sousa, Matheus Rocha de; Hernández Fontes, Jassiel Vladimir; Hernández Fontes, Jassiel Vladimir; Hechavarría Pérez, José Ramón; Maia, Harlysson Wheiny Silva; Shadman, Milad; Maali Amiri, Mojtaba
In Naval and Ocean Engineering, several complex phenomena of fluid-structure interactions are commonly evaluated through simplified two-dimensional hydrodynamic experiments. The measurements obtained through these experiments, such as the spatial and temporal evolution of the water surface elevation, are of great importance for the validation of analytical and numerical models. With the constant evolution of optical devices and the continuous decrease in their cost, image-based measurements have been applied to quantify water surface movement in experiments, using “virtual” sensors. However, there may still be errors in the final measurement, caused by different types of distortions in the images used. The study of these errors in measurements is relevant to determine the level of reliability of data generated from images. The present work consists in the evaluation of errors in measurements, based on images, of time series of water surface elevation in two-dimensional hydrodynamic tests. For this, videos of hydrodynamic experiments available in the literature were used, related to the problem of shipping water on the deck of a fixed structure. Time series of water elevations at different positions were obtained from these videos, using open-source image processing and analysis techniques. The influence of varying image distortions on water surface elevation measurements was evaluated, including variation in azimuthal projection, focus, noise, and scale. The results showed that the effects due to scale and noise distortions were the most considerable. On the other hand, the distortions due to the azimuthal and focus distortions showed less differences in relation to the measurements of the reference cases. This type of studies can contribute to research that uses measurements based on image analysis, as it is recommended to express measurements with an associated error level.
As tecnologias 4.0 como alternativas de prevenção de acidentes com embarcações na Região Amazônica
(Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, 2023-10-13) Aziz, Giovanna Mabily Pinto Abdel; Fontes, Jassiel Vladimir Hernández; Hechavarria Perez, Jose Ramon; Maia, Harlysson Wheiny Silva; Hernández, Irving David
The use of vessels in the Amazon region plays an important role in the commercial activities of the northern region of Brazil; however, it faces several risks of accidents that can result in loss of lifes, properties, and environmental damage. Industry 4.0 technologies can be alternatives to prevent accidents in various activities in the region that involve the use of vessels. However, Industry 4.0 technologies are recent and despite the growing attention on applications of these technologies in several engineering areas, there is still a lack of information related to the alternatives of application in the regional naval industry. The present work aims to know alternatives of Industry 4.0 that could be used to reduce accidents with the use of vessels in the Amazon region. First, some of the most common accidents that can happen to vessels in the region were presented. Therefore, the concepts of 4.0 technologies most used in maritime applications were reviewed and documented: cyber-physical systems, augmented reality and simulation, big data analytics, cloud computing and internet of things. Finally, the possibilities of applying 4.0 technologies to prevent accidents in the Amazon region were discussed, identifying possible limitations. It was found in the literature review that collisions are the most common accidents with vessels, and automatic identification systems are the most used technology for their control. In contrast, it was seen that the applications of cloud computing, IoT and bigdata analysis in accident prevention in the shipping industry still need to be explored. It is hoped that the present work can contribute to the prevention of accidents in the future of the Amazon region.
Levantamento de embarcações de pequeno porte comuns na Região Amazônica e estudo da resposta em ondas de uma embarcação do tipo voadeira
(Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, 2024-02-16) Almeida, Hector Reis; Fontes, Jassiel Vladimir Hernández Fontes; Fontes, Jassiel Vladimir Hernández; Santander, Elvis Jhoarsy Osorio; Barreda del Campo, Eduardo Rafael; Hechavarría Pérez, José Ramón
It is possible that the Brazilian Amazon has one of the largest concentrations of small boats in Brazil, mainly due to the lack of roads and the need for water transport of people and cargo between different cities. Many of these vessels, registered or not registered by the maritime authorities, can reach high speeds, making it necessary to further study to characterize their hydrodynamic behavior. This work aims to contribute to the classification of small, motorized vessels, typical of the Amazon region, and to carry out an analysis of the behavior on regular waves of a regional vessel known as “voadeira”. The main objective is to evaluate the possible movements that a ship of this type can present in wave conditions, without propulsion. These conditions may occur during adverse climatic events, common in the region, as they may generate eventual waves on the surface of the rivers. For the survey of vessels, the city of Itacoatiara, in the State of Amazonas, was considered as the representative location for the study. A voadeira type vessel was selected as a case study. The ship's hull was modeled using computer-assisted design and its response in waves was investigated using hydrodynamic potential theory methods. We investigated the effect of the variation of the angle of incidence of the waves and the vertical position of the center of gravity of the resulting movements. The results allowed determining the most significant movements, including the wave frequency that may cause them. The rotational movements show significant increases for different wave conditions. The methodology presented can be extended to evaluate other regional vessels.
Desenvolvimento de um robô móvel do tipo Car-Like para realização de caminhos pré-definidos
(Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, 2024-02-27) Seixas, João Aristeu Cardoso; Araújo, Rodrigo Farias; Bessa, Iury Valente de; Queiroz, Luiz Alberto; Gadelha, Vitor Fernando de Souza
The development of Car-Like mobile robots encompasses the creation of autonomous vehicles that emulate the motion of conventional cars. Although the applications for such robots are diverse, this work focuses on the challenge of path following. The goal is to position the robot near an initial point on a path defined by a time-independent function, f(x). Through lateral control, the intention is for the robot to align itself with the path and follow it. The development of the controller to stabilize the robot on the path will adopt an approach using Linear Matrix Inequalities (LMI). Additionally, the project aims to develop both the hardware and software for a scaled-down prototype of a Car-Like mobile robot. Regarding the hardware, the process involves 3D modeling using CAD software, 3D printing of parts, and the design and manufacturing of a printed circuit board to capture sensors data and activate the system’s actuators. In the realm of software, the controller’s implementation will be on a computer with the Robot Operating System (ROS). Consequently, the microcontroller installed on the robot will be responsible only for communication with the computer via TCP/IP, sensors readings and actuators commands.
Efeito da variação da forma do casco na resistência ao avanço e na geração de ondas de uma embarcação regional do tipo expresso
(Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, 2024-06-22) Silva, Kleyphide Pereira da; Hernández Fontes, Jassiel Vladimir; Hernández Fontes, Jassiel Vladimir; Barreda del Campo, Eduardo Rafael; Cisneros, Edry Antonio Garcia; Hechavarría Pérez, José Ramón
The Brazilian Amazon has many regional vessels dedicated to the transportation of cargo and passengers. Currently, various types of regional vessels are built following previous experience, without carrying out analyzes that allow them to characterize their hydrodynamic and structural behavior using Naval Engineering methods. Three-dimensional modeling and computer simulations of regional vessels still have challenges to be addressed to develop more efficient and safer vessels. Seeking to contribute to this topic, this work presents a study of the effects of hull shape variation in some of the hydrodynamic characteristics, such as resistance to advance and generation of waves, of an Amazonian regional vessel. Due to the relevance of the longitudinal transportation of passengers, it was considered a high-speed regional expresso type vessel. In the first part of the study, computer-aided design techniques were used to model the ship three-dimensionally. Subsequently, the shape of the hull was varied systematically, changing the transversal position of the chine, to generate four different hulls. Considering the geometries generated and keeping the draft of the project constant, comparative analyzes of ship resistance, effective power, and waves generated by the ship were carried out, using Naval Engineering methods available in software for academic use. The results obtained allowed us to compare the effects of the variation in the hull shape on the hydrodynamic behavior of the vessel. Considering the invariable draft, the reduction in the transverse position of the hull chine in relation to the keel reduced the total ship resistance and the amplitude of the waves generated. This reduction in resistance was up to ~30% at the operating speed, under the simplifying assumptions considered, since the effects of this change on the stability and other parameters of the vessel design still need to be researched. The methodology presented can serve as an example to carry out parametric studies with other regional vessels, being possible to vary other geometric parameters of the hull with the software that was used.
Produção de nanocompósito à base de PETG, fabricado por impressão 3D, para combater o vírus Sars-Cov-2
(Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, 2024-06-30) Santos, Thais da Silva; Cunha, Joziane Silva da; Macêdo Neto, José Costa de; Dias, Waldeir Silva
With the collapse of the COVID-19 pandemic, it was necessary to explore new materials with resistance to SARS- CoV-2 of lower cost and effective and easy production methods, such as 3D printing. The objective was to produce and characterize filaments for 3D printing using PETG and copper nanoparticles (NCu) aiming at obtaining a virucidal surface. Nanocomposites were made with the addition of 0.75% and 1% of NCu and pure PETG. After printing, mechanical tests of nanoindentation, thermogravimetric analyses (TGA), digital optical microscopies and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopies (FTIR) were performed. The results showed a 48% increase in the elastic modulus for the 0.75% and 1% nanocomposites compared to pure PETG. In the TGA, the results were significant for the nanocomposites with the addition of 1% of NCu compared to pure PETG. In the chemical composition by FTIR spectrum, there were no significant changes
Estudo preliminar da estabilidade transversal e da dinâmica de uma embarcação regional que naufragou na Amazônia
(Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, 2024-07-16) Marinho, Hiago Francisco Andrade; Hernández Fontes, Jassiel Vladimir; Santander, Elvis Jhoarsy Osorio; Barreda del Campo, Eduardo Rafael
Several ship accidents have occurred over the years in the Amazon region, causing negative environmental, economic and social impacts. Although there are no details of the causes of all accidents that occur in the region, some shipwrecks have detailed accounts of what may have happened, making it possible to open discussion topics based on technical evidence. The present work presents a preliminary technical study of a vessel that sank in the Amazon region, analyzing some stability and movement factors with a possible contribution to the occurrence of the accident. The first phase of the study presents the problem of accidents on regional cargo and passenger vessels, describing several cases that occurred in the Brazilian Amazon. Subsequently, a shipwreck case study was considered to carry out the technical analysis, whose first stage of study consisted in generating a three-dimensional geometry that resembled the vessel's hull. Therefore, an intact transverse stability analysis was carried out, verifying the effects of different drafts and positions of the center of gravity. Finally, a critical stability condition was selected to evaluate the vessel's roll movement when subjected to the interaction of regular waves with different amplitudes. The results obtained demonstrated that inadequate combinations of draft and weight distribution can reduce the restoration capacity in calm water conditions. In this situation, some wave conditions, even those with low amplitude, can aggravate the problem due to amplifications of the roll movement and water shipping the deck. It is suggested that in situations where vessels operate with little freeboard, which are common in the Amazon region, there is a risk of shipping water, which can flood internal spaces if there is no adequate sealing of the deck, further compromising the survivability of the vessel. It is hoped that the present study can be extended to evaluate the possible causes of other accidents with regional vessels.
O impacto do aumento de peso da população brasileira na estabilidade de embarcações de pequeno porte para o transporte de passageiros: estudo de caso no Manaus (AM).
(Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, 2024-07-27) Sanches, Ricardo Almeida; Santander, Elvis Jhoarsy Osorio; Ramirez Gutierrez, Ricardo Homero; Hernandez Fontes, Jassiel Vladimir; Barreda Del Campo, Eduardo Rafael
This study aims to investigate the effects of the increase in the average weight of the Brazilian population on the stability of small passenger transport vessels, specifically in the Manaus, Amazonas region. To achieve this objective, the following specific goals were set: to assess the current stability of small passenger vessels, to compare the adoption of passenger weight in the design of other modes of transport, and to analyze the behavior of vessels subjected to weights exceeding the standards. The methodology involved collecting real data from vessels in operation, modeling these vessels, defining loading conditions, and simulating scenarios. Eighteen vessels were analyzed, varying in length from 6.80 to 16 meters and with capacities ranging from 10 to 70 passengers. The evaluation followed the NORMAM 202/DPC premises, considering the combined effects of passenger weight, wind, and sharp turns. The results indicate that the increase in the average weight of the population can compromise vessel stability, with several vessels failing to meet stability criteria when passengers are heavier than stipulated. The Length/Breadth (L/B) and Breadth/Draft (B/P) ratios were crucial in identifying potential problems. Existing vessels may need to reassess their capacities and adjust passenger loads, while new designs should adopt conservative ratios to ensure safety. The conclusion emphasizes the importance of considering the population's weight increase in the regulations of vessels in the Amazon region to ensure passenger safety.
Efeito da variação da geometria do casco na resistência ao avanço e nos movimentos de uma barcaça regional
(Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, 2024-09-29) Silva Junior, Jorge Artur Leite da; Hernandez Fonte, Jassiel Vladimir; Hechavarria Perez, Jose Ramon; Maia, Harlysson Wheiny Silva; Amiri, Mojtaba Maali
The Amazon region has several inland navigation activities related to the transportation of cargo on river barges. However, there is still a lack of technical studies related to the hy drodynamic behavior of this type of vessel. In order to investigate the operational aspects of regional river barges, a comparative study was conducted, aiming to analyze several hydrodynamic characteristics of a regional barge hull. The effect of the change of the bow and stern hull inclination of a regional cargo transport barge on the hydrostatic characte ristics, ship resistance and motions was evaluated using simplified methods. Hydrostatic characteristics such as displacement, metacentric radius and height were analyzed. For the analysis of ship resistance, methods of practical use were evaluated (i.e., Holtrop and KR Barge), discussing the restrictions and limitations of each. Finally, the uncoupled motions of heave and pitch in regular waves were analyzed. For comparison purposes in each of these topics, a reference barge case was modeled, changing the inclination of the bow and stern of the hull, totaling four case studies. To perform the analysis, the soft ware Maxsurf and its utility packages Modeler, Resistance and Motions were used in the analysis of hydrostatics, ship resistance and motions in waves. Regarding the hydrostatic characteristics, study case 2 (inclination of 30° in the bow and 48° in the stern) and study case 4 (12° bow and 14° stern) presented better performance in relation to the standard case (17° bow and 21° stern), presenting a variation of 7.13% in cross-sectional metacen tric height for case 4 and -6.21% for case 2. Similarly, in the analysis of ship resistance using the method of Holtrop, case 2 presented variations between 13.7% and 39.3% and the case 4 variations between -6.7% and -25% in relation to the standard case. The KR Barge method overestimated the reference ship resistance values due to its limitations for practical implementation. For the significant accelerations in heave motion, study case 3 (14° bow and 17° stern) showed a variation of 2.17% and case 4 (12° bow and 14° stern) a variation of 4.56% with respect to the reference case, both operating at a speed of 1 knot. With the results obtained regarding river barges, it is expected that the work will add to the research on inland navigation in the Amazon region.