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A percepção dos graduandos de geografia sobre o estágio supervisionado: uma reflexão sobre as expectativas e dificuldades enfrentadas na universidade
(Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, 2024) Azevedo, Samuel Costa de; Nafra, Marcela Vieira Pereira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2872606206701050; Santos, Maria Mirtes Cortinhas dos; Campos, Iolanda Aida de Medeiros
This study's theme is supervised internships. In principle, it is important to discover what internships are and how important they are for teacher training. However, little attention has been paid to how students feel about the internship. Therefore, the question arises what perception do geography undergraduates have regarding the supervised internship? Based on this problem presented, the general objective of this study is to analyze the interns' perception of supervised internship in the Geography teacher's teacher training process and as specific objectives to describe the students' expectations related to the internship, identify the challenges experienced by the interns, report how the coordination between the training institution and the internship field school occurs. Quali-quantitative research is then carried out, with a descriptive and exploratory nature, based on the dialectical method. Given this, the majority of expectations were positive in the responses, but in practice the difficulties made it impossible for not even half of the initial expectations to be met. Even so, the internship continues to be seen by all students as extremely important for their training. Keywords: Supervised internship. Geography. Perception. Graduates
A abordagem da educação ambiental como tema transversal no 2º ano do ensino fundamental em uma escola da zona norte de Manaus - Amazonas
(Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, 2016-06-24) Moreno, Henrique Afonso Gomes; Batista, Ieda Hortêncio; Liberato, Maria Astrid Rocha; Ferreira, Francisca da Silva
This study aimed to examine the integration of the thematic environment as a crosscutting theme in the 2nd year of elementary school at a school north of Manaus, Amazonas, presenting and developing a proposed lesson plan involving this theme. The research was motivated by the fact that during the supervised training of the Faculty of Education, we observed the lack of educators practices that addressed environmental issues in order to inform and sensitize mainly students and teachers from the school in question. This research was based on the dialectical method with a qualitative approach and the literature as the foundation for all development work. Interviews were conducted with two teachers of the series study to investigate what their concepts and practices in Environmental Education. Based on the consulted references and interview data a lesson plan has been prepared from a selected subject in agreement with the teachers. The lesson plan on the theme "living beings and the environment" was developed with a group of 2nd base year. During class impressions were recorded and perceptions of students on the topic. It was found that the inclusion of environmental education is still done in a piecemeal fashion and without continuity. However, children are able to understand and interact in discussions about environmental problems. It is considered that it is necessary that the educator understands the importance of environmental education and learn to develop practices that are able to promote changes in attitudes, habits and attitudes in their students. Keywords: environmental education; Approach in the school context; Educational Practices.
Ações antrópicas na bacia hidrográfica do igarapé do leão em Manaus - AM
(Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, 2021-08-03) Leitão, Matheus de Vasconcelos Lima; Wachholz, Flávio; Andrade Filho, Valdir Soares de; Ferreira Júnior, João Carlos
This research brings a study on land use and land cover in the Igarapé do Leão Hydrographic Basin, with emphasis on the mining areas present in the basin. The specific objectives of this research were: To map land use in the hydrographic basin; verify the anthropic activities occurring in the hydrographic basin that are directly related to discovered areas; and evaluate anthropic actions on the permanent preservation areas of the igarapés. For the development of the research it was necessary to carry out a literature review on the main topics covered during the research; field survey for reconnaissance of the study area, photographic records and collection of GPS coordinates; survey of land use and land cover. From the use of available geoprocessing resources, it was possible to map 4 classes of land use and delimit permanent preservation areas that are possibly located in the upper part of the basin. Finally, it was necessary to process images from the Planet satellite, with the acquisition date of July 6, 2019, this image was processed in the Qgis 3.2 Bonn software, in order to automatically delimit the uses and coverage of such such as minings areas, uncovered or built-up areas, forest area and water body. Using Alos MDE image, it was also possible to process the base map and the APP delimitation. From the base map it was possible to obtain the basin area with 12,179.27 ha, the extension of the BR -174 highways with 6.64 km, AM - 010 10.47 km in all, of the 13 main branches with 17.87 km in all, of the 55 secondary branches with a total of 69.77 km, of the 100 tertiary branches with a total of 70.05 km, and the identification of 13 mining points. With the land use map it was possible to verify that 85.4% of the basin area is still composed by vegetation, 1.8% are water bodies, 7.3% by mineral extraction areas and 5.5% by uncovered or built-up areas. In APP's, 78.8% of the area consists of vegetation, 11.4% of water bodies, 6% of mineral extraction area and 3.8% of uncovered or constructed areas. In this way, it was possible to verify the types of anthropic actions present in the hydrographic basin of the Leão stream and the main impacts caused by them, such as water and soil problems. Keywords: Environmental impacts. Geoprocessing. Anthropogenic Actions. APP's
Água da chuva: aproveitamento para a gestão de recursos pluviais em comunidades ribeirinhas do estado do Amazonas
(Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, 2018-09-25) Barboza Júnior, Paulo Cabral; Melo, Maria da Glória Gonçalves de; Albuquerque, Carlossandro Carvalho de; Liberato, Maria Astrid Rocha
Although the Amazonian territory has an expressive freshwater reserve, the large demographic dispersion of the small interior communities makes it difficult to implement the usual technological solutions for the water supply service, since this dispersion make it impossible to install a public system for their supply. Most of the local population uses the river as their first source of water to supply their needs. However, due to the lack of basic sanitation and difficult access to drinking water, the capture and use of rainwater is a common practice of the citizens who lives on the edge of the rivers and lakes of the Amazon. In 2006 the Government of Amazonas initiated a proposal for the use of pluviometric resources in its territory, with the installation of 80 rainwater harvesting systems in lowland ecosystems, in the inland areas or floating dwellings located in the municipality of Manacapuru in the RDS Piranha, and was expanded between 2007/2009 with the PROCHUVA program and, after 2014, the ÁGUA PARA TODOS program, which consisted in the implementation of home and community-based systems in villages located in the interior of the State. Currently the experience is already present in 42% of the municipalities of Amazonas. The objective of this work was to analyze the proposals for the use of this natural good in rural settlements affected by river regimes, from the installation of rainwater harvesting systems as an alternative to the management of water resources, and sought to identify if such proposals were configured as an appropriate technology alternative that would guarantee water security in the water supply of these sites. The data was provided by the State Department of the Environment of Amazonas, responsible for the implementation of the PROCHUVA and ÁGUA PARA TODOS programs in Amazonas, which served approximately 60 thousand people from 27 municipalities located in Purus, Solimões, Amazonas, Negro and Madeira rivers. The results showed that in the homes served by government programs, over 91% of them did not use filters in the processes of purification of the collected water, utilizing sodium hypochlorite and the execution of processes of coercion using a cloth the prevailing types of treatment, and that rainwater was generally reserved for the nobler purposes of drinking and cooking, The analyzes allow us to infer about the viability of installing the systems as an individual solution aimed at guaranteeing access to water suitable for human use. It is appropriate to consider some recommendations aimed at improving similar proposals that may be implemented. We can highlight changes in the design of the systems used, the use of construction techniques that take into account local characteristics, the continuity of water quality monitoring, as well as the treatment of captured water. It is also important to highlight the intensification of the processes of community mobilization, with the application of social technologies and sustainable practices aimed at the appropriation of the proposal by the beneficiaries.
A alfabetização e o letramento em tempos de política nacional de alfabetização (PNA) numa escola pública municipal de Manaus
(Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, 2022-10-28) Bezerra, Larissa Tayná Gonzaga; Menezes, Maria Quitéria Afonso; Araújo, Cristina Carvalho de; Belém, Maria de Jesus de Souza
Over the years we've been in the Pedagogy course, we've realized the the importance of the teacher's role in the process of literacy and literacy process. That's why we decided to carry out a research project that literacy and literacy in times of the National Literacy Policy (PNA). National Literacy Policy (PNA) in a municipal public school in Manaus. To this end, our general objective was to understand the relevance of literacy in the students' literacy process. And specific objectives: 1. To analyze the guiding documents on this subject in the light of theories; 2. 2. to identify the changes experienced in the literacy process over the years 3. to learn about the practices used and the difficulties faced by educators in the classroom. faced by educators in the classroom. The approach that will be used is the dialectical method, which is a critical analysis of the object to be researched. which means finding the determinations that make it what it is. é. For data collection we used participant observation, where we were collecting data to describe the activities and behavior of the students in a a municipal school in Manaus.
Alfabetizar ou letrar ? um desafio para a educação infantil
(Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, 2021-08-03) Rocha, Juliana Ferreira; Souza, Kelly Christiane Silva de; Machado, Andrezza Belota Lopes; Oliveira, Meire Terezinha Silva Botelho de
This course completion work has as its theme "to read and write: a challenge for early childhood education’ and its general objective is to understand how the development of literacy and literacy practices for 5-year-old children in early childhood education and as specific objectives to identify literacy practices and literacy developed by teachers in early childhood education; understand if the literacy practices developed in early childhood education are in accordance with the pedagogical function of early childhood education and mapping what teachers think about respect for literacy and literacy in early childhood education. the work is organized into two chapters, in the 1st chapter we present the theoretical foundation around the theme, from a dialogue with authors such as: Ostetto (2018), Pacievitch (2013), Martinati (2012), Cruz (2017) among others. In the 2nd chapter we present the results of our field research in a dialogue with the objectives that guided the investigation.
Alfabetizar ou letrar na educação infantil: o conflito entre as funções da educação infantil na prática do professor
(Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, 2021-08-03) Santos, Ana Célia da Silva; Souza, Kelly Christiane Silva de Souza; Oliveira, Caroline Barroncas de
This course conclusion work entitled: Literacy or Literacy in Early Childhood Education: the conflict between the functions of Early Childhood Education in the teacher's practice, has as general objective to understand the literacy and literacy processes with children aged 05 years in early childhood education. To respond to the objectives outlined in the study, we built a theoretical chapter, dialoguing with authors such as Oliveira (2010), Souza (2019), Àries (1981), LIMA (2014) among others. The research was designed from the qualitative paradigm in a field research. The reports in this study were able to relate what it proposes to do in theory and what is actually practiced, but above all, it was responsible for presenting the teachers' voices about their challenges in working with five-year-old children. Thus, this research has the researcher's narratives from the observation of the field and that of the teachers, allowing an exchange of experiences to, in this way, favor the perception we have about what we do in early childhood education and seeking answers to some existing paradigms.
O alfabetizar, a BNCC e minha formação docente
(Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, 2022-06-02) Lima, Gabriela da Silva; Aikawa, Monica Silva; Oliveira, Caroline Barroncas de; Silva, Wenderson Cruz da
Reading and writing appear in my daily life when I start school, just as they do in other people's lives. other people and at that moment in my life, I feel very excited about entering the world of letters. the world of letters. As I continue my Pedagogy course, I think back to that first experience with literacy. with literacy, I think about them in relation to my new learning about pedagogical practice and literacy methodology and I begin to look at them in a different way. In the midst of this initial in Pedagogy, we come into contact with public policy issues and certain acronyms permeate this time: LDBEN, DCNE, etc. LDBEN, DCNEB, BNCC, RCA, among others. Thus, the general objective of this research revolved around reflect on the literacy discourses present in the BNCC and their relationship with the reality of local children, based on my of local children, from my perspective as an assistant teacher in initial training. In order to do this, we used the tools of autobiographical narrative research, bringing up small facts that were remarkable in my school and academic training, searching my memories for these emerging events (LARROSA, 2002) with literacy, placing myself in front of myself as a student and teacher. In the theoretical discussion on the subject, I relied on Freire (2011), Soares (2006), Kleiman (1995), among others. Among the memories and reflections on literacy, I find myself practices centered on the processes of coding and decoding, in which the context of the children is not in which the children's context is hardly taken into account, the social use of language is neglected. for a different kind of literacy. KEYWORDS: Literacy. Teacher training. Autobiographical narrative research.
Altas habilidades/superdotação e criatividade: áreas que se completam para o recolhecimento de estudantes com altas habilidades/superdotação na escola?
(Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, 2022-06-02) Silva, Thalia Galdino da; Machado, Andrezza Belota Lopes; Souza, Kelly Christiane Silva de; Saraiva, Emerson Sandro Silva
The present work has as its object the context of skills/giftedness (AH/SD) and Creativity that are complementary when it aims at the recognition of students with AH/SD indicators at school, since from the official Brazilian concept of who the person with AH/SD, creativity presents itself as one of the essential constructs for these subjects. As a general objective, we point out: Understanding how the objective/teaching teaching in the areas of AHSD and Creativity can contribute to the recognition of students with AH/SD indicators in the school context. As specific objectives: (1) To know, based on the scientific literature, what is AH/SD and Creativity and points of articulation of these knowledges; (2) Identify how Renzulli's three rings theory can contribute to the recognition process of students with AH/SD indicators in the creative aspect; (3) To analyze how the teaching knowledge on the themes of AH/SD and Creativity can interfere in the process of recognition of students with AH/SD at school. The research methodology opted for a qualitative approach, with an exploratory study and field method, based on dialectical. As a data collection instrument, use one with the wrong questions. Data analysis was performed using the content analysis method. Thus, the present work and a learning only learned that more efficiency is needed on AH/SD learning, the teacher will mainly learn from understanding, the direct teacher and the teacher will learn efficiently and learning from students and students and from direct learning , therefore, being able to recognize those who present AH/SD indicators, breaking even with the cycle of social dissemination of stereotypes and misconceptions about students with AH/SD. Keywords: Teachers' conceptions. High Abilities/Giftedness. Creativity. Identification of students with High Abilities/Giftedness. Teacher training.
Amar, verbo intransitivo: a prosa experimental modernista de Mário de Andrade
(Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, 2019-12-02) Serrão, Samuel Monteiro; Rolon, Renata Beatriz Brandespin
Mário de Andrade's first published novel is the result of his incessant search for a renewal of Brazilian literature. Amar, verbo intransitive presents linguistic and structural innovations that symbolize Modernism's break with the narrative models of the past, thus aiming at a modern representation of Brazil Brazil through literature. This article aims to analyze the innovations proposed by the author in the construction of the idyll, reflecting how these experiments aesthetic experiments were used and how they contributed to the development of an experimental and modernist project that aimed to emphasize the cultural diversity of the country. Keywords: Modernism; experimentation; language; narrator; nationalist.
Ambiente e educação: uma invenção discursiva
(Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, 2018-12-05) Rodrigues, Tayana Catunda; Costa, Mônica de Oliveira; Sarmento, Jackeline Ferreira; Oliveira, Caroline Barroncas de
This monograph has as general objective to investigate the ways of seeing and saying the environment in the comic The group of Monica - 50 years from the discursive analysis of Michel Foucault. The specific objectives are: To study the tool of the speech in Michel Foucault and to map the ways of seeing and saying the environment produced/taught by the comic The group of Monica - 50 years. The collection Turma da Mônica - 50 years presents five almanacs, with five characters (one for each almanac) that are: Mônica, Cascão, Cebolinha, Magali and Bidu. We randomly chose Cascão Almanac as empiria. Michel Foucault's discourse tool is used in theoretical-methodological terms, which enabled us to map the statements that produce an idea of the environment from the characteristics of the discourse for this author. In this way, the categories of analysis are not defined a priori, but in the development of analysis when we use the tool of Foucault's discourse. Thus, the almanac is seen in this work in the pedagogical sense of teaching correct ways of seeing and saying the environment. The chosen statements are: Polluted Environment and Beware of the planet, be sustainable. The statement Polluted environment produces an idea of polluted urban environment, which needs intervention, with vulnerable people, powerless in the face of the situation. The statement Beware of the planet, being sustainable produces an idea of environment that needs to be thought for future generations, with a good use of natural resources.
Ambientes: achadouros de infâncias
(Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, 2018-12-05) Figueiredo, Raiana Cunha de; Oliveira, Caroline Barroncas de; Costa, Mônica de Oliveira; Gomes, Salatiel Rocha
The work presents some reflections originated from the objective of analyzing the ideas of childhood in the environment of the plot of the feature film "Zootopia: This City is the Critter", through some tools of Foucault. We consider that, in the present day, the media perform the production of docile bodies much more effectively through discourses and that it has several statements, which can not be confused as a sentence, proposition or an act speaks, since its characteristic is the function of existence. Discourse is not synonymous with language or something that names objects or even a set of signs, but rather, it is a social mechanism that imposes truths on those who hear them. When it comes to Environment, our first movement in relation to this terminology is to affirm that environment goes far beyond the forest theme, so that environment can also be the social space where the plot of the Discourse takes place. Given this situation, the need arises to analyze which types of statements for childhood are being constructed in our time and for this we observe the discursive and non-discursive practices of the plot. We identified for analysis two statements of manufactured child: dreamy child and child with misconduct. The result is a discursive network that reveals the same conception of childhood idea that works for the dominant discourse of capital. This movement was made from the analysis of the discourse and the Declarations having the Environment as the stage where they act and can draw the lines and outlines of the models of childhood required in this century. If there is a current childhood? No, there is an improved way of producing this childhood through the plasticity of statements and discursive practice, that is, what is modified here is the difference of how this child looks and the values attached to it, or rather, it is resignificated , acquiring a new garment due to the social moment that presents itself, regardless of whether it is for "good" or "evil", but for the greater good of the absolute truth that Foucault condemns so much in the discourse of capital.
Amor et violentia : a representação do homoerotismo nos carmina pederásticos de Catulo e da violência nos epigramas da priapedia latina
(Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, 2018-12-07) Silva, Elivelton Souza da; Jesus, Carlos Renato Rosário de
This article intends, in general, to interpret the representation of homoeroticism in the Catullian pederastic poetic productions and of violence in the so-called Latin Priapeia of ancient Rome, under the notion of ancient thought regarding sexuality. For this, 10 poems were selected, being 05 of the Carmina Catulli and 05 of the Latin Priapeia. With this article, it was possible to understand the socio-cultural portrait that emerges from these representations, and also to associate them with the way in which the Catullian pederastic relations and the violence in the Latin Priapeia are aligned with more general issues, such as power, pleasure and social stratification. Keywords: catulli carmina; Latin priapeia; pederasty; homoeroticism; violence. Translated with www.DeepL.com/Translator (free version)
Análise comparativa da musculatura dorsolateral cefálica das espécies do grupo calophysus (Stewart, 1986) (siluriformes: pimelodidae)
(Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, 2022-05-06) Cavalcante, Paloma Andrade; Rocha, Marcelo Salles; Bifi, Alessandro Gasparetto
Pimelodidae have about 110 valid species, distributed in the Neotropical region in all continental environmental environments. The Calophysus group was described by Stewart in 1986, comprising the genera: Calophysus, Pinirampus, Pimelodina, Aguarunichthys and Luciopimelodus. Later molecular studies supported the monophyly of the Calophysus group and proposed the group with Megalonema and Cheirocerus as your sister group. The Calophysus group presents as a synapomorphies the partial or total encapsulation of an extension of the swim bladder within the transverse processes of the fourth vertebra. In the present work, the musculature of Calophysus macropterus, Pinirampus pirinampu, Megalonema platycephalum, Cheirocerus goeldii, Luciopimelodus pati, Pimelodina flavipinnis; the outgroup was composed by Propimelodus eigenmanni, Pimelodus blochii, Pimelodus ornatus and as root Pseudopimelodus aff buffonius. To carry out the study on the dorsolateral cephalic musculature of the species of the genera of the Calophysus group, the protocol was followed using Alizarin, Alcian Blue, ethyl alcohol and glacial acetic acid, for the staining of bones and cartilage, then removed. if the skin for the observation and description of the muscles. The organization of the characters was done in Mesquite and the analysis in TNT. Five main external muscles that make up the dorsolateral cephalic musculature were observed. Extensor tentaculi muscle with rectangular shape and has two or three subsections, which are responsible for the movement of the maxillary barbel, being exclusively present in catfish. Adductor mandibulae, segmentum facialis not showing clear differentiations in adductor mandibulae, pars rictalis, pars malaris. The levator arcus palatini muscle has a trapezoidal shape, promoting the connection of the neurocranium to the suspensory. Two muscles are responsible for moving the operculum: the triangular-shaped levator operculi, and the dilatator operculi with a more rectangular arrangement, presenting its sections. The results were based on 13 characters selected from descriptive analyzes of the species of the Calophysus group, thus suggesting that the adductor mandibulae and extensor tentaculi muscles are the muscles that most varied among the species seen in the present work, becoming phylogenetically more informative. The largest number of characters that point to plesiomorphies for the species of the root group were in the levator arcus palatini and adductor mandibulae muscles, while the other muscles described differ in sizes, insertions and shapes among the species of the Calophysus group, accentuated by the anatomical differences between the head sizes and shapes. Keywords: Comparative anatomy; Catfish; Phylogeny; Myology; Musculature
Análise crítica do discurso da marca na´kau: chocolate Amazônico na representação dos eventos discursivos e dos atores sociais
(Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, 2017-12-05) Souza, Jackeline Andrade Duarte de; Soares, Neiva Maria Machado
This paper aims to make a Critical Discourse Analysis of the brand Na'kau: Amazonian chocolate as to the representations of discursive events and social actors. As a theoretical basis we use the Critical Discourse Analysis of Norman Fairclough (2001, 2003) Fairclough (2001, 2003); the Systemic-Functional Linguistics of Halliday (1994, 2004) and Matthiessen (2004); and the Multimodal Discourse Theory, by Kress and van Leeuwen (2006, 2008) and van Leeuwen (2008). The analysis demonstrated that discourse events are represented from material, mental and relational processes. The social actors were represented in a specific way and as cocoa-producing residents of these communities: men, women and elderly. keywords: critical analysis; na "kau; discursive representation; social actors
Análise crítica do discurso da sustentabilidade e da representação dos atores sociais em marcas amazônicas
(Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, 2022-03-29) Souza, Jackeline Andrade Duarte de; Soares, Neiva Maria Machado; Soares, Neiva Maria Machado; Marques, Maria Gorete Costa; Moncayo, Vanúbia Araújo Laulate
In an Amazonian context of environmental degradation, companies find themselves increasingly responsible for adopting measures that demonstrate commitment to social and environmental issues, taking positions beyond the economic. This research intends as a general proposal: To analyze the sustainability discourse, the discursive representation and the visual interaction of social actors in the discourse of Amazonian brands, which present the perspective of advertising discourse. More specifically, we aim to: (1) Investigate how brands discursively approach sustainable development; (2) Analyze the discursive representation of social actors in Amazonian brands; (3) Identify the constitution of visual interaction between image participants. For this purpose, 2 (two) Amazonian brands that operate in the food sector were selected, with a local product, the Amazonian cocoa, a total of 4 (four) visual advertising texts and 4 (four) verbal-visual texts were collected companies' websites and social networks. We take as investigative support the theories and methodologies of Functional Systemic Linguistics, by Halliday (1994); Halliday and Matthiessen (2004/2014), for the Ideational Metafunction, via processes; Fairclough's (2001; 2003) Critical Discourse Analysis for lexicon and nominalization; by the discourse of sustainability, by Sachs (2009), Boff (2012), among others; the Theory of Representation of Social Actors, by van Leeuwen (1996/2008), for the inclusion category; and the Theory of Multimodality in Visual Design Grammar, by Kress and van Leeuwen (1996/2006), for interactive meaning. As results obtained, we noticed that the companies brought sustainability issues to the discussion on their official websites and publications on social networks by highlighting the participants responsible for the chocolate production process, highlighting the commitment and their actions within the Amazon, and by showing how the development of the company favors the environment and the local population. Through the discursive analysis of the representations brought by the brands, we noticed that the social actors have a relationship of involvement, being specified, identified, individualized and named. By investigating the interaction, we observed that the visual representation of the social actors occurs in a direct way, with a proximity, demonstrating a relationship of involvement and equality between the represented participants and the observer of the image. We conclude that while the proposed objectives were achieved, the brands brought environmental, social and economic issues to the forefront, in addition to producing representations with the inclusion of social actors.
Análise da microbiota cutânea fúngica de primatas cativos no zoológico CIGS, Manaus, Amazonas
(Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, 2023-03-03) Batista, Heron Abraão de Queiroz; Souza, Luciane Lopes de; Barbosa, Larissa Kirsch; Gordo, Marcelo; Rocha, Marcelo Salles; Uguen, Katell
This study aimed to analyze the skin microbiota of primates kept in captivity at the Center for Jungle Warfare Instruction (CIGS) zoo, located in the city of Manaus, in order to identify and describe the types of fungi that compose the microbiota of the coat and ear canal of primates, and to associate the presence of these fungi with animal welfare. The collection was performed in April, August, and November 2022, using Swabs for collection in the ear canal and carpets for regions of the head, thorax, forelimbs, and hind limbs primates of the zoo. The animals were restrained without the use of sedatives, according to the zoo's own protocol. Samples were obtained from six primates, being two nail monkeys (Sapajus sp.), two snout monkeys (Saimiri sciureus) and two white marmosets (Mico chrysoleucus). The collected material was sent for isolation on Petri dishes containing Sabouraud Agar medium supplemented with olive oil; and Mycosel Agar, incubated at 37° and 25° C to isolate filamentous and yeeduriform fungi in the laboratory of the Masters in Biotechnology and Natural Resources of the Amazonas State University (School of Health). During the research, mites were found to be present in all fungal isolates. Therefore, a new collection was performed only on M. chrysoleucus, after the use of 1% ivermectin to contain the mites. As a result, there was the presence of Aspergillus, Penicillium and Rhizopus in the samples, and these fungi are not dermatophytes, but were found to be constituents of the microbiota of this primate species. There was a difference between male and female samples, and the male (infant) presented a higher occurrence of fungi, but there was no evidence that this fact impaired the well being of the animals. Thus, this study proved that non-pathogenic fungi live associated with the captive primates, and that mites were also found. Further studies are necessary to evaluate the seasonal differences of the fungal microbiota present in these important species of Amazonian primates under captivity conditions. Key-words: Amazonian primates; Fungal microbiota; Pathogens.
Análise das atividades antiviral e imunomoduladora de extratos da resina de protium sp por infecção in vitro de hepatócitos humanos (Hum-7) pelo vírus dengue
(Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, 2021-08-05) Aparício, Cristiane Nazaré Fidelis; Lima Júnior, Raimundo Sousa; Ferreira, Rosilene Gomes da Silva; Silva, Gladys Corrêa da; Paz, Andréia Costa
Dengue is an alarming disease that affects mainly underdeveloped countries, affecting the low income population who are located in places with poor basic sanitation. In Brazil every year has been showing an increase in the number of dengue cases. Given all the described and recognized biological actions of Protium sp. and the search for drugs to reduce the main factors involved with the severity of dengue, it is proposed the in vitro investigation of resin extracts of Protium sp. for antiviral and, mainly, immunomodulatory activity in Huh-7 hepatocytes by DENV-2 virus. Three extracts of Protium sp. resin were used, with maceration methods using the following solvents: hexane, ethyl acetate, and ethanol. Different concentrations of these extracts of Protium sp. were evaluated for their cytotoxicity in the Huh-7 human hepatocyte lineage by quantitative MTT colorimetric assays. The results revealed that only the concentrations of 50 µg/ml and 10 µg/ml of the extracts of Protium sp. obtained by maceration were not cytotoxic at the observed wavelengths, whereas the extracts obtained by the solvents of ethyl acetate and ethanol from Protium sp. were considered toxic to hepatocytes. Antiviral and immunomodulatory activities were not performed due to the COVID-19 pandemic that paralyzed part of academic activities. Only the hexane extracts obtained by maceration show promise for future analysis of antiviral and immunomodulatory activity against DENV-2 through the cytotoxicity test, however, further tests are recommended to indicate its effects in cell cultures. Keywords: Natural products; Cytotoxicity; MTT test
Análise de alterações cromossômicas utilizando a técnica bandeamento G em pacientes do sistema único de saúde com suspeita de distúrbios genéticos
(Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, 2019-11-11) Menezes, Ananda Larise Colares; Rezende, Cleiton Fantin; Benzaquem, Denise Corrêa
Cytogenetics is a science that focuses on microscopic studies of chromosomes and reveals important information about the genetic makeup of a living being. This study aims to evaluate the chromosomal changes that occur in peripheral blood lymphocytes in patients with suspected genetic disorders. Ten patients from the Amazonas Children's Health Institute were referred for this research. Genetic material was collected by venipuncture in a heparin tube. The culture medium was prepared on the same day of collection at the Human Cytogenetics Laboratory of the Health Sciences unit of the Amazonas State University. The GTG banding method was used for chromosome analysis, the karyotype was assembled with the aid of the Gene All program and the alterations investigated according to ISCN. 100 metaphases were counted and 10 karyotypes of each patient were assembled. In our results 6 patients had normal number and structure of chromosomes, 3 female with 46, XX karyotype and 3 male with 46, XY karyotype. Three patients presented alteration in the number of chromosomes, one female patient presented karyotype 47, XX, + 21 and 2 male patients presented karyotype 47, XY, + 21. It was not possible to assemble a karyotype of one of the patients due to the poor quality of the metaphases after checking the cell medium. The trisomy 21 chromosomal alteration was found in the karyotypes that presented alterations. Key words: Cytogenetics, G-Banding, Karyotype
Análise de genes parálogos do hormônio liberador de gonadotrofinas (GnRH) e seu receptor (GnRHR), envolvidos no processo reprodutivo do tambaqui Colossoma macropomum
(Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, 2021-07-12) Bandeira, Izabel Correa; Bührnheim, Cristina Motta; Silva, Gilvan Ferreira da; Batista, Ieda Hortêncio; Buhrnheim, Cristina Mota; O’Sullivan, Fernanda Loureiro Almeida
The gonadotropin-releasing hormone and gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor genes are the most common molecular signal used by the brain to regulate gonadotropin synthesis, plays an important role in almost all vertebrates reproduction. The tambaqui showed three parallel lines of GnRH (cmgnrh1, cmgnrh2 and cmgnrh3) and your receptor GnRHR (cmgnrhr1c, cmgnrhr1ca and cmgnrhr2b), wherein the three binders genes encoding the forms sbGnRH, cGnRH-II and sGnRH. Analysis with gonadal transcripts of the cmgnrh3 gene (sGnRH) reveal a frameshift-like mutation, originating a premature stop codon at the beginning of exon2, which contains the information for the production of the sGnRH peptide. Despite this fact indicating a possible pseudogenization, the gene exhibits high levels of transcription in the olfactory bulb of males and females, presenting differentiated expression in ovaries at the beginning of puberty (data not yet published), suggesting a likely functional role to be investigated, whereas no study so far has analyzed the functioning of this system in the Colossoma macropomum species. Keywords: Colossoma macropomum; Tambaqui; GnRH; frameshift.