Estudo das Características Epidemiológicas de Leishmaniose Tegumentar Americana (LTA) Notificadas no Munícipio de Tefé, Amazonas, Brasil, no período de 2013 a 2023.

Abstract

American Tegumentary Leishmaniasis (ATL) is globally considered one of the top ten neglected tropical diseases, with worldwide distribution, and represents a complex of diseases with significant clinical spectrum and epidemiological diversity. This study aimed to analyze the occurrence of ATL and its epidemiological pattern in patients residing in the municipality of Tefé-AM from 2013 to 2023. For the analysis, data provided by the Municipal Health Department, through the Epidemiological Surveillance Information System (SIVEP), were used in conjunction with additional information from the Notifiable Diseases Information System (SINAN), databases provided by the Department of Health Informatics of the Unified Health System (DATASUS). During the study period, a total of 57 cases of ATL were recorded, representing a prevalence coefficient of 0.91/10,000 inhabitants. The highest incidence rate occurred in males, representing 95% of confirmed cases, with the highest frequency in the age group between 20 and 39 years, representing 53% of cases affected by the disease. The predominant clinical form was cutaneous, with 95% of cases. The variable frequency according to occupation showed a higher number of confirmed cases among agricultural workers, representing 47% of cases. Regarding the area of residence, the urban area showed a higher percentage with 64% of cases. Regarding the evolution of the cases, 92% showed improvement towards cure, and the variable municipality of residence showed a result of 73% of confirmed ATL cases. The analyzed data showed a decrease in cases compared to previous studies, but inconsistencies were found in the information between the data provided by the municipality and DATASUS. The presence of underreporting of data was observed, suggesting that institutions should seek strategies to train healthcare professionals to improve the quality of epidemiological information in the municipality, highlighting the importance of compulsory reporting for more accurate epidemiological data and contributing to the prevention and control of the disease.