Avaliar as reabsorções radiculares em dentes vitais e não vitais submetidos a tratamento ortodôntico

Abstract

Root resorptions associated with orthodontic treatment occur as a consequence of the inflammatory process due to forces installed in the periodontal ligament to cause tooth movement, called external inflammatory root resorption. In this context, the objective of this study was to quantitatively evaluate the degree of external root resorption in patients treated with fixed orthodontic appliances before and during and / or after orthodontic treatment, comparing differences between vital teeth and non-vital teeth, and to observe statistical differences between gender and age of the patient based on the degree of tooth resorption, of the because it is of great importance to understand this phenomenon and its possible consequences, thus evaluating upper and lower central and lateral incisors, since the teeth are more susceptible to external root resorption. This probably occurs because the extent of orthodontic movement in these teeth is generally greater than in the rest of the dentition. During the preparation and review of the literature of the present study, it was observed that this problem does not seem to be directly related to the forces of orthodontic appliances, but to several factors involved, besides being unpredictable and having a variable magnitude since the biology of the dental movement involves a chain of tissue reactions after the action of orthodontic forces. Several variables, involving biological and mechanical factors, seem to motivate root degree and changes when tooth movement occurs. Thus, as a selection criterion, presence of upper or lower incisor with endodontic treatment prior to orthodontic treatment and its corresponding counterpart, with vitality for control and comparison parameter, were verified. Measurements were performed on periapical radiographs with the aid of a pachymeter, magnifying glass and tabletop x-ray. The results showed that the teeth treated endodontically had a lower degree of resorption when compared to the vital teeth. There were no statistical differences between the genders studied, but in an analysis In the intra-gender analysis, the male gender presented no statistical difference, since the female gender did, which can be explained by the different ages and different treatment times used in the study