Efeito das mudanças climáticas sobre o metabolismo energético, antioxidante e neurológico do tambaqui (cuvier, 1818)
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Universidade do Estado do Amazonas
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Climate change has become one of the most discussed issues worldwide. According
to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) (IPCC, 2014), an increase
of up to 6 ° C in the atmosphere is predicted for the year 2100. These changes
directly affect the Amazonian aquatic environment and its organisms. These include
changes in pH, temperature and oxygen, as well as causing damage to organisms by
imposing behavioral, biochemical and morphological adjustments. Among these
organisms is tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum), a species of high commercial
value for the region and that has several adaptations to face periods of variations in
temperature and seasonality of oxygen. Thus, the objective of this work was to
evaluate how the effect of climatic scenarios and exposure to hypoxia affect the
energy, antioxidant and neurological metabolism of individuals of the species. For
this, the animals were acclimated for 30 days in scenarios RCP2.6 and RCP8.5 (4.5 °
C and 900 ppm CO2) (N = 42) and subsequently subjected to hypoxia for 6 hours (n
= 7), After that, blood samples were collected for hematological analysis and tissues
such as liver, brain, muscle and heart for enzymatic analysis and damage. The
oxygen consumption variables show us that the species tries to maintain its
consumption performance when kept in the extreme scenario in normoxia and
hypoxia. For blood parameters, hemoglobin concentration ([Hb]), mean corpuscular
hemoglobin (HCM) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin (CHCM) concentration were
high (p <0.001), indicating that animals increase circulating hemoglobin to try to
better supply tissue oxygen demand. Being observed the elevation of glucose
concentrations when hypoxic for both scenarios (p <0.001) that is used by alternative
pathways. The catalase (CAT) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) enzymatic
analyzes show us that the species does not present significant responses to the
extreme scenario or lipoperoxidation damage. The same is expressed for LDH
kinetics for the extreme scenario, and AChE remained almost unchanged for both
scenarios, with a difference only in the current hypoxia (p <0.014). Thus, extreme
scenarios and hypoxic conditions may condition metabolic stress in the animal
interfering with the necessary adjustments.
Keywords: Thermal adaptation; tambaqui; hypoxia; oxidative stress
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SILVA, Beatriz Enóla Ribeiro da. Efeito das mudanças climáticas sobre o metabolismo energético, antioxidante e neurológico do tambaqui (cuvier, 1818). 2019. 56 f. TCC (Graduação em Ciências Biológicas) - Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus.