Fatores associados a internação de pacientes com doença falciforme no hemocentro do Amazonas janeiro 2021 - janeiro 2024

Abstract

Sickle cell disease is a hereditary condition characterized by the deformation of red blood cells, which have a sickle shape. Its cause is the result of a point mutation in the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) of chromosome 11, with the substitution of thymine for adenine (GTG for GAG) causing the substitution of glutamic acid for valine, patients affected by this pathology in the state of Amazonas are treated at F.Hemoam, a reference hospital in hematological and onco-hematological pathologies in the northern region, so the study's general objective is to identify the main reasons for hospitalization of patients with SCD at the Amazonas blood center. The method used corresponds to a retrospective cross-sectional design with a quantitative approach, data from the records of the FHEMOAM IDoctor system were used, from the period January 2021 - January 2024, the data were cataloged and treated by elaborating tables and applying the analysis of the percentile of the results. The results of the sample consisted of 149 people, which corresponds to 100% of patients treated in the stipulated period after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, we found a prevalence of

ICD D578 - Other sickle cell disorders (34.2%) with a readmission rate of 6.04%. The socio- demographic aspects showed a predominance of patients aged 1-18 (79.2%), male (50.34%),

from Manaus (80.54%). We conclude that the main reason for hospitalization of patients with sickle cell disease at the Amazonas blood center was the appearance of classic symptoms of the disease in the young, male age group, from the city of Manaus, with incomplete primary education. We emphasize the fundamental role of nursing in the care needed to avoid complications in sickle cell patients. The universe of patients diagnosed with SCD in the state of Amazonas is 350 people, which would allow for more specific studies, however, there is a scarcity of research related to SCD in the state, so the study will serve as an evidence base for future studies.