Estratégias de enfrentamento frente ao isolamento social e seus impactos na saúde mental de pessoas idosas do contexto rural e ribeirinho: Uma revisão integrativa

Abstract

Social isolation is an important risk factor for the worsening of mental health problems in the older population, especially among those living in rural and riverside areas, where access to health services and support networks is limited. In this context, this study analyzed the coping strategies adopted by older adults in situations of social isolation and their impacts on mental health, considering the sociocultural specificities of these territories. This is an integrative literature review conducted in the PubMed/Medline, Scielo, Web of Science, Scopus, and Virtual Health Library (VHL) databases, using the PICO strategy, with studies published between 2015 and 2025. After applying the eligibility criteria, six articles were included in the final synthesis. The results showed that the main coping strategies mobilized by older adults were spiritual and religious practices, cultural and community activities, individual self-care, and the use of digital technologies, which contributed to reducing symptoms such as loneliness, anxiety, stress, and depression. Family support, routine organization, and the maintenance of affective bonds were also observed to favor emotional resilience. Moreover, Nursing plays a central role in this context by identifying early signs of psychological distress, strengthening support networks, promoting culturally sensitive health education, and encouraging community practices that enhance emotional well-being. However, structural inequalities persist regarding digital connectivity, availability of health services, and provision of psychosocial care programs in remote areas. It is concluded that addressing social isolation in old age requires culturally sensitive interventions articulated among health, education, and social assistance sectors, with active participation of Nursing in strengthening support networks and promoting healthy aging in rural and riverside territories.