Desafios na aprendizagem de multiplicação e divisão de números naturais: um estudo com alunos do 6º ano

Abstract

This article investigates the challenges faced by 6th-grade students when learning multiplication and division of natural numbers. This qualitative study sought to verify how students understand the basic concepts of these operations and to identify the main conceptual difficulties. Data were collected through methodological triangulation including observation, questionnaires, and workshops. Base-ten blocks were used as a teaching resource to analyze students' meaningful learning. The results show that students face significant challenges in understanding the concepts of multiplication and division, especially in relation to their application in mathematical operations. The study concluded that the use of concrete materials in the classroom enhances learning and provides students with essential elements for understanding fundamental operations.