Desenvolvimento de um protótipo de inspeção inteligente para PCBs com componentes THT

Abstract

Industrial automation has proven to be fundamental for optimizing processes and ensur ing greater precision in the manufacturing of electronic products. In this context, this work presents the development and implementation of an intelligent inspection system aimed at inspecting THT (Through Hole Technology) components. The system consists of an automated Cartesian system that uses X and Y axes, controlled with high precision, to move an industrial camera over the surface of electronic boards, capturing detailed images of each component. The project involved integrating an automated control system based on a Programmable Logic Controller (PLC), responsible for the coordinated move ment of the axes and synchronization with the camera’s operation. This ensures greater repeatability and reliability in the inspection process while significantly reducing human error, improving the quality and consistency of inspections carried out on the production line. Among the main results achieved, the system demonstrated the ability to identify components that were incorrectly inserted, inverted, or missing, as well as recognize parts belonging to different models. This process is performed by comparing captured images with a master image, pre-configured in the system, which defines the ideal standards for each component and board model, enabling the precise detection of defects. Additionally, the system was integrated into the SMEMA (Surface Mount Equipment Manufacturers Association) communication network, allowing the automation of board transitions be tween workstations. As a result, a board only progresses to the next stage of the process after being validated by the inspection module, ensuring greater safety and consistency in the production line. The developed system proved to be robust and scalable, optimizing processes and providing significant cost-benefit gains, ensuring high-quality final products, and easily adapting to different board and component models.