A valorização dos conhecimentos tradicionais amazônicos em contexto de educação ambiental em espaços formais e não formais de ensino

Abstract

The knowledge of traditional peoples and communities is of great importance in conserving biodiversity around the world. Valuing this knowledge, people and territories are the first steps towards becoming environmentally aware. The objective of this research was to investigate the traditional knowledge present in the thematic universe of students at a municipal school in Manaus. To achieve this, activities were carried out in the classroom and in a non-formal space in the city, the Museu da Amazônia/MUSA. The research involved the participation of 6 teachers from Elementary School II and 36 eighth-year students from Escola Municipal Raul Veiga.To achieve our objective we used Freirean Thematic Research, which was adapted according to the nuances of the study. The thematic investigation took place in 5 stages, in the Preliminary Survey of Reality (LPR) most of the data was collected, through interviews with teachers, questionnaires with both audiences (teachers and students), observations and informal conversations. The survey carried out with teachers did not provide a segment as there was no effective participation in the other stages of the investigation. In the second phase, coding, a study was made of the participants' statements, looking for contradictions and limit situations. In the third phase, decoding, contradictions and limit situations were discussed with the research participants. The fourth phase was the choice of the Generating Theme, where after conversations and activities carried out with the students “the plants of the Amazon” was the chosen theme. The fifth phase was based on activities carried out in the classroom and at MUSA, all this information was arranged in the form of a dossier. As a result, we were able to see through the speeches that the students had, in their interactions, contacts with remnants or even deeper methods and knowledge, coming from the traditional knowledge of people and communities, especially those who at some point in their lives visited or lived in the interior. By going to the Museum and visiting the exhibitions, students had direct contact with nature, observed plants and learned a little more about the traditional agriculture of the people of the Amazon. The use of the non-formal space in which this appreciation of traditional knowledge was worked was essential to bring students closer to the subject that was discussed, mainly for the biocultural rescue work that they carried out throughout the classes and activities. This research was relevant in terms of valuing the traditional knowledge of the people and communities of the Amazon, for raising environmental awareness. A movement that can begin in the classroom and expand to the rest of society, making us overcome the condition of spectators of environmental tragedies, overcoming the reality we know today. Keywords: Traditional knowledge; Environmental awareness; Thematic universe.