Colonização e suscetibilidade à antimicrobianos de Staphylococcus aureus e Staphylococcus epidermidis em mãos e mucosa nasal de pacientes internados em leitos de enfermaria

Abstract

To analyze the prevalence of colonization and the resistance profile of S. aureus and S. epidermidis on the hands and nasal mucosa of patients admitted to the wards of a public hospital in Manaus, Amazonas. Method: Cross-sectional, analytical observational study. Biological material was collected from the hands and nasal mucosa by rubbing with swabs over a period of 2 months. The samples were cultured in salted mannitol agar for growth and differentiation. Biofilm production was verified by phenotypic analysis on Congo red agar. To analyze the antimicrobial resistance profile, isolates of S. aureus and S. epidermidis were cultured in Müeller-Hinton agar, where small antimicrobial disks were added to their surface. Results: Of the 81 participants, Staphylococcus isolates were identified in all nasal cavities, 51 (63%) of which were S. aureus and 29 (35.8%) of which were S. epidermidis, in addition to 41 (80.4%) methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). In the hands, 80 (98.8%) samples presented Staphylococcus isolates, 52 (65%) of which were S. aureus and 26 (32.5%) of which were S. epidermidis, with 47 (94%) MRSA being identified. Biofilms were produced in 42 (80.8%) samples of S. aureus and 25 (86.2%) of S. epidermidis in the nasal mucosa and in 42 (76.43%) samples of S. aureus from the hands. Conclusion: A high prevalence of S. aureus and S. epidermidis was observed, as well as low susceptibility of these isolates to the tested antimicrobials and a high capacity to produce biofilms.