Análise da antinomia de princípios e da sustentabilidade do modelo de estrada-parque para o “trecho do meio” da BR-319

Abstract

This study analyzes the federal highway BR-319, inaugurated in 1976 and currently marked by the precarious condition of its “Middle Section,” 405 kilometers of unpaved road. The research seeks to understand the factors behind its construction, abandonment, and the ongoing controversies surrounding its reconstruction, particularly regarding the conflict between socioeconomic development and environmental preservation in the Amazon. The study adopts a qualitative and exploratory approach, based on bibliographic and documentary research, configured as a case study focused on the “Middle Section” of BR-319. It aims to examine the apparent antinomy between the environmental principles of precaution, prevention, and sustainability, and the fundamental constitutional principles of development, citizenship, and freedom of movement. Additionally, it evaluates the feasibility of restoring the highway under the innovative “road park” model, balancing logistics and environmental conservation. The dissertation is structured in three chapters: the first presents the historical, political, and economic context of BR-319 within Brazil’s national integration policies of the 1960s and 1970s, aligned with the UN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development Goals; the second analyzes constitutional and environmental principles, hermeneutic approaches to conflicts between development and preservation, and the role of environmental licensing; the third discusses the “road park” proposal, highlighting the need for normative innovation, legistics, and environmental governance to ensure effective and sustainable public policies. The study concludes that the sustainable reconstruction of BR-319 depends on integrity mechanisms, public compliance, and, above all, political will to reconcile regional development with the preservation of the Amazon rainforest.