Análise da eficiência do trocador de calor

Abstract

scale such as in the use of air conditioners, refrigerators or even in the vehicles used by them, or on a laboratory scale so that students understand how they work, or even in industrial scale for the production of products used by people. As the name says, heat exchangers have the function of transferring heat from a fluid with a high temperature to a fluid with a lower temperature, this transfer can occur through three types of mechanisms: conduction, convection or radiation. As this is very common equipment, it needs to perform its function correctly, that is, it has high efficiency, as the lack of it can lead to high operating costs, non-quality of a product or even pose risks to human life. For this reason, this work aims to analyze the efficiency of the exchanger in the chemical engineering laboratory of the State University of Amazonas, perform maintenance on the equipment, as well as analyze its behavior in concurrent and countercurrent flow configurations. For this, the cleaning and verification of the equipment was carried out so that it has adequate conditions for carrying out experiments. The experiments took place in concurrent and countercurrent configurations, where for each flow the inlet and outlet temperatures of hot and cold fluids every 2 minutes for 14 minutes. From these values, heat transfer rates, global heat transfer coefficient, efficiency and number of transfer units were calculated both through the general equation of heat exchangers and through the Reynolds, Prandlt and Nusselt dimensionless numbers that take into account the flow adopted by the system. The values of the general heat transfer coefficient were above the values proposed in the literature, whereas efficiency did not present as good results as expected.Therefore, in this work it was possible to carry out the analysis of the efficiency of the equipment, despite the results, as well as its maintenance.