Análise evolutiva hematológica de pacientes vítimas de envenenamento ofídico: predição clínica e linha de cuidado integrado a partir de dados seriados

Abstract

This study aimed to analyze the hematological evolution of patients envenomed by Bothrops atrox, in order to establish clinical and laboratory indicators useful for nursing practice and the standardization of care. Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted with a sample of twenty patients treated at a referral center. Hematological variables were evaluated at three different time points: admission, 24 hours, and 48–72 hours after the envenomation event. The parameters analyzed included hemoglobin, hematocrit, leukocyte count, and platelet count. Results: Initial leukocytosis was observed, with a tendency toward normalization over time. A slight reduction in hemoglobin levels occurred within the first 24 hours, followed by subsequent recovery. In addition, a transient decrease in platelet count was identified between admission and 24 hours, with recovery observed by 72 hours. No severe hematological alterations or unfavorable outcomes were detected. The analysis indicated a pattern of mild and self-limiting coagulopathy when treatment was administered promptly. Serial complete blood count monitoring proved to be na accessible and effective tool for guiding clinical decision-making, enabling early identification of complications and optimization of patient monitoring. Conclusion: The findings reinforce the importance of integrating laboratory assessment with nursing practice in the management of Bothrops atrox envenomation, contributing to patient safety and quality of care.