Anatomia da madeira das espécies florestais mais utilizadas no distrito industrial do município de Parintins-Am

Abstract

The present work aimed to characterize the wood anatomy of the main forest species used in the sawmills of the Industrial District of the municipality of Parintins-AM. The research, of a qualitative and applied nature, conducted a survey of the most employed species in the timber activities of the region, followed by a macroscopic anatomical analysis of the xylem tissues, aiming to understand the structural properties and applications of each wood. Samples were collected directly from local sawmills and analyzed at the Laboratory of Fungal Studies (LABEF) and at the Herbarium of CESP/UEA. The most recurring species included Angelimpedra (Hymenolobium petraeum), Muiracatiara (Astronium lecointei), Yellow Ipe (Handroanthus serratifolius), Purple Ipe (Handroanthus impetiginosus), among others. The results indicated the predominance of species from the Fabaceae and Bignoniaceae families, notable for their high density, resistance, and durability, characteristics that justify their use in civil construction, carpentry, and furniture making. Lower density species, such as Marupá (Simarouba amara), proved suitable for lightweight furniture, but with restrictions regarding structural resistance. It is concluded that the anatomical study of wood is an essential tool for sustainable forest management and for the valorization of less-exploited alternative species, contributing to the efficient use of the forest resources of the Amazon region.