Métodos não farmacológicos para o manejo da dor em recém-nascidos na unidade de terapia intensiva neonatal

Abstract

To analyze non-pharmacological measures for pain relief in newborns in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. Method: Quantitative longitudinal descriptive study, developed with 35 preterm newborns admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit from May to September 2021. The variables collected were sex, type of delivery, gestational age, weight, Apgar score, pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods, and were subsequently analyzed, tabulated and grouped using Microsoft Excel with absolute (n) and relative (%) frequency. Results: Preterm female newborns with gestational age between 31 and 36 weeks, born by cesarean section, classified as having low or very low birth weight, Apgar score between 1 and 7 in the first minute and 1 to 7 in the fifth minute of life, with a clinical diagnosis of prematurity were the most prevalent at admission to the neonatal intensive care unit. Among the non-pharmacological strategies used to manage the pain of each newborn, facilitated restraint was the most used, followed by decreasing the light. Conclusion: When analyzing the non-pharmacological measures for pain relief of preterm newborns in the neonatal intensive care unit, it was found that, in addition to the gap in the use of non-pharmacological measures for pain relief in newborns, the strategies were used empirically by some professionals on the nursing team.