Morcegos (chiroptera microchiroptera) sinantrópicos de um fragmento florestal com uma área de mata ciliar da cidade de Parintins AM

Abstract

This study investigates the diversity of synanthropic bats in a forested area located in the rural zone of Parintins, in the state of Amazonas. Bats, mammals belonging to the order Chiroptera, play fundamental roles in ecosystems, including pollination, insect control, and seed dispersal. Synanthropic bats are those that are flexible to environments modified by humans, using resources and structures built by humans, such as houses, stables, sewers, and bridges, for shelter and food. The objective of this study is to describe the species present in the study area and analyze the occurrence of synanthropy, highlighting their survival strategies. In this context, the factors that favor the flexibility of species to these environments are considered. For this, data collection was carried out using mist nets opened half an hour before sunset until 1 am in the forest area and its surroundings, identifying the species that inhabit or use resources in anthropized areas. The research revealed a significant diversity of bat species, with a total of 103 individuals captured, divided into 23 species. Among the studied species, 14 demonstrated synanthropic behaviors, such as Molossus molossus, Molossus rufus, Carollia perspicillata, Sturnira lilium, and Rhynchonycteris naso. Factors contributing to synanthropy include the availability of shelter in human structures, the presence of food resources due to proximity to cultivated or livestock areas, and the versatility of some species to adjust to changes in the natural environment.