Efeito da aplicação de resinas e extratos vegetais e produtos de acabamento na cor da madeira de 13 espécies amazônicas submetidas ao intemperismo natural

Abstract

Wood is a material produced from the tissue formed by woody plants with mechanical support functions, which stands out for being used as a raw material for the most diverse purposes. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of natural weathering on the color stability of 13 Amazonian wood species submitted to the finishing process with resins, plant extracts and commercial products. This study was conducted in the city of Itacoatiara in the state of Amazonas, specifically at the Itacoatiara Higher Studies Center (CESIT-UEA). For each species, 20 samples were produced, with the following nominal dimensions 5.0 cm x 2.5 cm x 2.5 cm (length x width x thickness), which served to carry out the anatomical identification, characterization of extractive content and characterization of basic density. For the natural weathering test, 20 specimens of each species were produced, nominal dimensions 15 cm x 7.5 cm x 1.0 cm (length x width x thickness), which were submitted to the finishing process with olive oil. linseed, jatobá resin, extracts from Camisala montana and Buchenavia sp., in addition to marine varnish. The samples were exposed to full sun at an angle of 45° and oriented on the east - west axis, with the faces of the specimens facing north, during a period of 6 months. The products used to finish the samples showed significant changes in their colors, with emphasis on the mixture of jatobá resin, extractives and linseed oil (T2). After the weathering process, the in natura woods that showed greater color stability were cedar, ipê and black sucupira. The products that exhibited the best performance in color stability after the total time of the weathering test were T2 and T3, in general, for the species Cedrela odorota, Handroanthus serratifolius, Ocotea fragrantissima, Platymiscium trinitatis and Diplotropis purpúrea.