Levantamento de espécies de quirópteros onívoros em um fragmento florestal de Parintins-AM

Abstract

The order Chiroptera encompasses a diverse array of bats classified into 18 families, 202 genera, and over 1,120 species, further subdivided into the Megachiroptera and Microchiroptera suborders. Megachiroptera, commonly known as flying foxes, are absent in Brazil and are represented by the Pteropodidae family, while Microchiroptera are found in nine families distributed across various Brazilian regions. Their diets range from omnivorous to insectivorous, carnivorous, piscivorous, nectarivorous, frugivorous, and hematophagous. Brazilian Microchiroptera exhibit diverse sizes with common features such as small eyes, large ears, developed tragi, and prominent nose leaves for echolocation. Bats' interaction with the environment is intricate, particularly in the Amazon region, harboring a rich diversity of these mammals. The ecological flexibility of bats enables their adaptation to degraded environments. The second part of the text describes the study area in the Amazon region, detailing year-long data collections using mist nets for capturing bats. After capture, bats undergo laboratory analysis, categorized by species, gender, and biometric data before being released. The biodiversity and ecology of the Chiroptera order in the Eastern Amazon are explored, emphasizing families like Phyllostomidae, Mormoopidae, Noctilionidae, Furipteridae, Thyropteridae, Natalidae, Molossidae, and Vespertilionidae. The presence of carnivorous bats, including those from the Phyllostominae and Desmodontinae subfamilies, and the detailed examination of the Noctilio genus, encompassing piscivorous bats, are addressed. This analysis provides a comprehensive overview of the Chiroptera order, considering their characteristics and ecological interactions, particularly in the Brazilian Amazon region.