DISSERTAÇÃO - PPGDA Programa de Pós-Graduação em Direito Ambiental

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Ações subsidiárias do exército brasileiro na garantia da preservação do meio ambiente em faixa de fronteira da Amazônia ocidental
(Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, 2013-08-27) Rodrigues, Marcelo Moraes; Filho, Erivaldo Cavalcanti e Silva; Filho, Erivaldo Cavalcanti e Silva; Feitoza, Paulo Fernando de Brito; Barbosa, Walmir de Albuquerque
The region of band of border of the “Amazônia Brazilian occidental person” possesss innumerable ecosystems that must be protected by the State in result of some factors to contribute for the degradation of the environment in the localities extreme of the country, this occurs in relation to the withdrawal irrational of natural resources, the not sustainable development and the occurrence of ambient crimes. In this manner, the presence becomes important accomplishes of the public power to prevent the occurrence of these facts, the “Armed Forces”, particularly the terrestrial force to militate, possesss organizations invades in strategical points of the domestic territory, in this way its presence helps in the preservation of the natural resources, and in the proper format of development of these regions. The present research was carried through with approach in the bibliography, legislation and circumscribed documentation to the subject, possesss as target to understand the paper of the “Brazilian Army” in the relative questions the occured ambient crimes in Amazonian bordering area, also it searchs to show the subsidiary actions that involve the preservation of the environment and, the relation with the traditional communities that they inhabit specific localities, as well as: to identify aspects of the “Ambient International law” capable to influence the national sovereignty. The object of this inquiry involves the bordering arc located in the portion the northwest of the Amazonian, noticed, the city of “Is Gabriel of the Waterfall” approaches the principles of the sustainable development, precaution and polluting agent-payer. Due to possibility of the activities exerted in the neighboring countries to cause eventual damages to the nature contained in the ground national and also the carried through ones in Brazilian lands to affect neighboring ecosystems were brought to quarrel the problem of the relativity of the sovereignty. It also presents the question of the power of policy of the army in advantage of the protection of the environment, shows its legitimacy to accomplish destined actions to prevent and to restrain ambient crimes. It chooses the region of Are Gabriel of the Waterfall for presenting land overlapping of the Union with Unit of Conservation of the too much federative beings and aboriginal lands, showing the implications for the protection of the environment.
Acordo de pesca como instrumento de gestão participativa na Amazônia
(Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, 2009-10-02) Cerdeira, Regina Glória Pinheiro; Camargo, Serguei Aily Franco de; Camargo, Serguei Aily Franco de; Petrere Júnior, Miguel; Jacinto, Andréa Borghi Moreira
This research approaches the fishing agreements as an instrument of fishery participatory management developed in the Amazon. It describes the environment of várzea as the scenario of relationships that are established as from the use of a resource of public access like fish; and as the main areas of fishery in inner waters of the Amazon. The fishery community-based agreements, developed from pressures over environments of lakes of ribeirinhos communities are the main instrument of participatory fishery management and they have been presented as a promising way to control conflicts, reduce over fishing and increase fishing productivity in the lakes. However, the research also focuses on the need of monitoring and evaluating this instrument in order to have consolidated results in the purpose of management. One of the challenges of this community-based co-management is to guarantee the public access and the appropriate management of fishing resource before the antagonistic interests of users over the resource. It approaches, yet, under a legal analysis, the only legal document, the normative instruction IBAMA n. 29/02, which determines in specific forms, clear criteria for the creation of these agreements, aiming to generate complementary rules to fishing laws; besides the new concepts of fishing determined by the Law n.11.959/2009. The analysis of fishing agreements is done, also considering the participatory management that has been developed in the region of Urubu River, in the town of Boa Vista do Ramos/AM, taking into account socioeconomic aspects of the communities and the impressions of the inhabitants about the validity and efficacy of the rules in the Portaria IBAMA N. 11/2003. In this study, it’s discussed that the participation of users in natural resources management, like fish, is fundamental, but before organizational structures strengthened with the ability of mobilization, coordination and representation of the group, with leaders who are able to act as interlocutors in the processes of co-management. In this aspect, the communities in the region of Urubu River in Boa Vista do Ramos still need development. The lack of articulation between this communities and involvement with the local fishing organization can be pointed as important reasons for the decadence observed in the valid fishing management; however this agreement has also presented positive aspects like the control of conflicts around the fishing activities and the feeling of abundant fish, even in its beginning.
O adicional de penosidade e a de efetivação do direito humano fundamental ao meio ambiente do trabalho saudável
(Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, 2023-02-28) Ferreira, Magdalena Araujo Pereira; Silva, Tulio Macedo Rosa e; Melo, Sandro Nahmias; Boucinhas Filho, Jorge Cavalcanti
The present work aims to analyze the possibility of realizing the fundamental human right to a healthy work environment in the face of the lack of regulation of the additional hardship, provided for in art. 7, XXIII of the Brazilian Federal Constitution. To this end, general aspects of the environment and the legal nature of the work environment were analyzed, considering it as a fundamental human right and classifying it as a diffuse right of the 3rd dimension. The structuring principles of the work environment were addressed, with emphasis on the principles of human dignity, prevention and precaution for the environment, the polluter pays, sustainable development, as well as the apparent antinomy between the norms that determine the reduction of the risks inherent to work (art.7, XXII of the CRFB) with the possibility of remuneration for painful, unhealthy or dangerous work provided for constitutionally (art.7, XXIII, of the CRFB) and the question of the existence, validity and effectiveness of the legal norms and the horizontal effectiveness of fundamental rights. In addition, the norms for the protection of workers' health and safety were observed at the international level, with an analysis of the main ILO conventions (155 and 161), constitutional and infraconstitutional norms, which aim to eliminate risk and ensure a safe and secure work environment. In conclusion to the proposed problem, an analysis was presented on the lack of regulation of the additional hardship and the ways of realizing the fundamental human right to a healthy work environment. In conjunction with the study, the appreciation of the forms of perverse work (thus considered unhealthy, dangerous or painful activities), the projects to regulate the additional burden of hardship, the performance of the Judiciary and examples of painful activities, such as working in the sugar cane cutting, bus drivers and collectors and the public service of urban public cleaning. Thus, research on the subject is significant so that, under the norms and principles that govern environmental law, it is possible to outline paths that can guarantee a healthy quality of life for workers, regardless of the existence of ordinary laws regulating the aforementioned additional.
Aldeias - municípios indígenas: repensando o federalismo brasileiro e o constitucionalismo latino-americano
(Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, 2012-01-24) Nogueira, Caroline Barbosa Contente; Jacinto, Andrea Borghi Moreira; Dantas, Fernando Antônio de Carvalho; Jacinto, Andrea Borghi Moreira; Pozzetti, Valmir César; Almeida, Alfredo Wagner Berno de
Este trabajo visa reflexionar sobre la problemática de las “Ciudades Indígenas”, osando utilizar a denominación “Aldeas-Municipios Indígenas”, para, desde el diálogo que pasa entre las ciencias sociales y jurídicas, buscando comprender los conceptos en ellas inherentes, objetivando un estudio basado en problemas sociales que se observan en comunidades indígenas de alta concentración poblacional, caracterizándola, desde el punto de vista empírico, como “ciudades”. El origen de esta investigación remete a las discusiones con respeto al autogobierno indígena y de cómo el Estado Brasileño podrá reconocer a los modos de gestión tradicionales delante su organización federativa. El punto de partida son los artículos 231 y 232 de la Constitución Brasileña de 1988, que reconoce organización social, costumbres, lenguas, creencias, tradiciones y derechos originarios a las tierras tradicionalmente ocupadas por los pueblos indígenas. Desde esta perspectiva se hará la correlación de estos derechos a la cuestión estudiada, destacando los desafíos encontrados en el problema de la autonomía política, especialmente cuanto al artículo 1º de la Constitución de 1988, que trae la clausula pétrea del Pacto Federativo, impidiendo formalmente la modificación de la configuración política actual, y cuestiones que involucran a la soberanía nacional. Una de las fuentes tomadas como fundamento de esta investigación es el estudio comparado entre las normas constitucionales brasileñas y países latinoamericanos que admiten autonomías indígenas, así como el Constitucionalismo Latino-americano, con la intención de observar las propuestas para el reconocimiento de las autonomías territoriales indígenas en la organización política de estos países. Palabras-clave: Municipios Indígenas; ciudades indígenas; autonomía territorial; constitucionalismo latino-americano; Estado Plurinacional.
Amplitude do Conceito Jurídico de Futuras Gerações e do Respectivo Direito ao Meio Ambiente Ecologicamente Equilibrado
(Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, 2011-07-29) Ramos Júnior, Dempsey Pereira; Silveira, Edson Damas da; Silveira, Edson Damas da; Melo, Sandro Nahmias; Barbosa, Walmir de Albuquerque
This work deals with intergenerational legal relations instituted by article 225 of brazilian Federal Constitution. That legal provision launches, in brazilian environmental law, a kind of relation formed by intergenerational solidarity links, that connects different generations around the defense and preservation of the ecologically balanced environment duty. Within this theme, the work looks for the legal concept of future generations, presenting objective criterions able to define the frontiers that set apart a present generation from a past generation and a future generation. Considering that the mentioned constitutional provision refers to a fundamental right − ecologically balanced environment −, and that this right is assured both in favor of the present generation, as the future generations; there is a right colision in the intergenerational field. Before this problem, the work presents decision techniques, criterions and methods to resolve intergenerational rights colision, avoiding the annihilation of both parts‟ rights: present generation and future generations. As a method, the work makes use of an hypothetical nuclear accident case, supposedly ocurred in Brazil under the Federal Constitution of 1988, to exemplifies the amplitude of environmental damages caused against interests of future generations. Based upon official data produced by International Atomic Energy Agency, the work shows which solutions the brazilian legal order offers to a kinf of disaster whose effects can spread out along 310.608 years. The objective is to evidence the amplitude and the limit of future generations right. Before this hiperdilated time extention, typical of environmental matters, the work deals with an epsitemological problem known as environmental law time paradox. To resolve this problem, the work proposes the incorporation of space-time astrophysics concept by law theory, making use of the autopoietic systems theory, developed by Luhmann and Teubner. As result, a decision technique emerges at law disposal, able to conciliate the past, the present and the future, by means of transgenerational sentences.
Uma análise acerca das modificações e acréscimos trazidos pelo novo código de processo civil de 2015 nas ferramentas processuais de efetivação da tutela socioambiental e possíveis consequências
(Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, 2016-08-12) Corso Neto, Thirso Del; Braga, Mauro Augusto Ponce de Leão; Braga, Mauro Augusto Ponce de Leão; Lazzari, Márcia Cristina; Ramos Filho, Carlos Alberto de Moraes
El concepto de los derechos trans llegó a ser fuertemente desarrollado en la segunda mitad del siglo XX y desembarque en Brasil en 1977 para observar las necesidades de adaptación y desarrollo de herramientas procesales para la protección de los derechos transindividuales. Dentro de este contexto y de forma paralela en el tiempo, la ley crea un concepto genuinamente brasileña. La legislación ambiental sea de amplio alcance, que abarca nuevos derechos de todas las especies es transindividuality, necesita de mayor análisis y discusión de los efectos y la eficacia de modo que pueda ofrecer a través de las herramientas pertinentes de la aplicación de la protección deseada. A través del estudio de estas ramas del derecho pueden elevar y analizar diversas peculiaridades de la forma de ejecución de las tutelas de socioambientalismo protección. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo principal proporcionar un análisis de los cambios y las bazas por el nuevo Código de Procedimiento Civil en la eficacia de la protección del medio ambiente y cuáles son las posibles consecuencias que estos cambios traerán. El estudio se desarrolla a través de la confluencia de la legislación ambiental con la instrumentalidad de la ley procesal civil colectiva, precisamente los procedimientos de la etapa de ejecución o civil. Secuencialmente se sistematizará los principios y leyes aplicables a microsistema procedimiento colectiva respecto a la efectividad de la tutela del medio ambiente. Al final, buscamos entender y demostrar cómo el nuevo Código de Procedimiento Civil influye en el microsistema de procedimiento colectiva y cuáles son las consecuencias de esta influencia en la eficacia de la protección del medio ambiente a través del proceso judicial. Para lograr estos objetivos, se utilizó el método lógico-deductivo, a través del análisis de la legislación específica.
Análise da política de concessão de recursos hídricos no município de Manaus
(Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, 2016-08-26) Carvalhosa, Wallace Ferreira; Silva Filho, Erivaldo Cavalcanti e
This dissertation is subject to analysis of the privatization of the supply of water resources in the face of the guarantee of fundamental human right to access to water, providing examples both in the global context and the national, performing especially a reflection within the city of Manaus. The Brazil enacted Law 9,433 / 97 within a scenario of privatization and concerns about shortages, quantitative and qualitative water when the water begins to acquire economic value. In fact, the shortage legitimizes the collection of water resources and Brazil attracts the interest of multinational corporations, supported by the World Bank, the International Monetary Fund and the World Trade Organization, which will seeping in providing pickup and delivery services water, in comparison with the fundamental right of access to water, an inalienable right. As methodological procedure divided this work into five chapters. In the first, it contained a discussion of the environmental and economic aspects of water, as its importance, its multiple uses, in addition to the pictures of scarcity, pollution and conflicts over water. The next chapter analyzes the legal aspects of water, bringing the principles applied to the right to water, pointing to the laws applied to water. The third chapter deals with the detailed study of the policy of privatization of water supply services in its global and national context, analyzing the time the water becomes interpreted as a commodity as well as the influence of the World Bank and International Monetary Fund corporative control of water through loans to multinational enterprises in the sector. The fifth chapter deals with the privatization process under the law of the city of Manaus, analyzing the provision of water supplies to large private multinational group services, resulting in a Parliamentary Commission of Inquiry and a public civil action to investigate the irregularities in the process of granting the public service of water supply. The struggle for access and control of water by private interests is considered in this work, as an expression of conflict, before the opening of the private concession to provide services in the water supply and sanitation area
Análise jurídica da gestão das águas subterrâneas no município de Manaus
(Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, 2007-09-28) Aguinaga, Karyn Ferreira Souza; Silva, Solange Teles da; Silva., Solange Teles da; Fonseca, Ozório José de Menezes; Benatti, José Heder
The National Politics of Hídricos Resources - Law 9,433/97, brought important innovations for the management of the hídricos resources in Brazil. The States, while detainers of the domain of underground waters, are responsible for its management that, however, must be in accord with the disposals of the National Politics. The State of Amazon by means of Law 2,712/01 established the State Politics for the Hídricos Resources and instituted the State System of Management of Hídricos Resources. It enters the lines of direction for implementation of the State Politics is the joint of the management of the hídricos resources with the one of the ground. The present study the joint of the management of this resource with the management of the ground had for purpos to analyze the management of underground waters in the City of Manaus approaching, in the direction of the preservation of the quality and availability of the underground resources. Initially it was become fullfilled analysis of the ambient context, social and economic of the urban space object of the study and later was carried through the survey and analysis of the pertinent legislation to the subject. One evidenced that the norms of management of underground waters and the ground present some possibilities and mechanisms for the joint and that the implementation of this joint if finds harmed by a perception still limited and would break up dominant of the public administration. Words key: Hídricos resources. Waters. Management. Manaus. Territorial order
Análise jurídica do pagamento por serviços ambientais no Estado do Amazonas: REDD+ como instrumento de promoção do desenvolvimento sustentável
(Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, 2010-07-08) Santos, Vanylton Bezerra dos; Derani, Cristiane; Derani, Cristiane; Costa, José Augusto Fontoura; Viana, Virgílio Maurício
The environment is undergoing profound changes, arguably resulting from human activities. The exploitation of natural resources for production as well as the accumulation of waste from the consumer, has placed a limit on production capacity and cycling on the planet. In mitigation of this problem, play a key role and the right environmental policies. The command and control policies, despite being the main way in an attempt to conserve the environment, has not achieved the desired efficiency. This has led mankind to think of other ways to solve the environmental problem. Programs Payment for Environmental Services (PSA) are an extremely valuable option because they are easily suited to capitalist logic. Payment (as monetary or non-monetary) in exchange for actions that demonstrably influence the maintenance or improvement of an ecosystem service is considered one of the most effective ways to conserve the environment. PSA, an environmental-economic instruments already implemented in many countries, is one of the environmental policies of the State of Amazonas, since 2007. Titled Forest Scholarship Program (GMP), the PSA program, Amazon is implemented as Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD). This program, whose bases are environmental, economic and social aims to combat climate change caused by deforestation, promoting sustainable development within the protected areas of Amazonas state, through financial and social incentives. Keywords: Economic and Environmental Law. Payment for Environmental Services. Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation. Bolsa Floresta Program. Sustainable Development.
Análise processual da responsabilidade penal da pessoa jurídica por crimes ambientais na cidade de Manaus
(Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, 2024-04-10) Costa, Ruan Patrick Teixeira da; Nogueira Junior, Bianor Saraiva; Ribeiro, Gláucia Maria de Araújo; Texeira, Heloysa Simonetti
The present study aims to analyze the issue of criminal liability of legal entities for environmental crimes in the city of Manaus, using as a basis legal proceedings in progress in the District of Manaus with descriptions and analyzes relating to the procedural progress. To better support the dissertation, a historical and geographical contextualization of the city of Manauara was made, using academic texts about the first inhabitants of the region, the Manáos, an indigenous group that is now extinct, as well as studies on the implementation of public policies that occurred during the period at the height of rubber exploitation, the creation of the Free Trade Zone and current issues such as the creation of PROSAMIM and the floating issue. As the dissertation progressed, the theme of the principles of the environmental field was discussed, which served as the basis for the development of this work, as well as the theme of responsibility for damage to the environment (a fundamental, diffuse, and transgenerational right, which has constitutional and legal protection) and its possibilities, with greater emphasis on the criminal scope and its application to companies, which, through their activities, cause damage to the environment. The final and not even important chapter of the research dealt with the analysis of legal proceedings in progress in the capital of Amazonas, in which it was verified the possibility of imputing criminal conduct set out in the law of environmental crimes to legal entities, due to accidents caused to biodiversity in the Amazon region, especially in the capital of Amazonas, an economic, political and strategic center, which has great business activity and various issues related to biodiversity.
Áreas públicas em situação de abandono e a responsabilidade civil objetiva do estado
(Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, 2024-04-18) Pereira, Angela Angeline Martins Rocha; Silva, Túlio Macedo Rosa e; Badr, Eid; Bentes, Dorinethe dos Santos
The institute of civil Liability and environmental protection are two victorious advances in modern society. Since the promulgation of the 1988 Constitution, the public authority and society have a duty to preserve and defend the environment for present and future generations. Along the last decades, the normative environmental protection and the jurisprudence were reinforced and improved in favor of the implementation of fundamental rights, including through the use of judicial liability, representing a relevant environmental protection instrument. It turns out that, despite all the progress already achieved, the country continues to deal with latent environmental issues, completely contrary to the constitutional normative order. This dissertation will begin with a panoramic analysis of the historical formation of the dynamic institute of civil liability, highlighting its doctrinal and mainly normative advancement. It continues with the analysis of the effectiveness and application of the institute internally, highlighting its requirements and elements applicable today. At the end, it will discuss public areas and the possibility of applying objective civil liability to the detriment of the state for omissive conduct when characterized by the abandonment of a certain public space. The methodology used in this research was the deductive method, after analyzing the information, to reach the final result. The means used to carry out this research were doctrine, legislation and jurisprudence, as well as documents available on the websites of the global computer system (internet) of public and private organizations
Áreas verdes urbanas como elemento da cidade sustentável
(Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, 2006-10-06) Matias, Jefferson Ortiz; Saleme, Edson Ricardo
The present work had the purpose to analyze the urban green areas, as indispensable element to reach the concept of sustainable city, subscribed in the Statute of the City, Law 10,257/2001, in its article 2o., II, where it is described as a city where its inhabitant has guarantee of the right to the urban land, the housing, the ambient sanitation, the urban infrastructure, the public transport and services, the work and the leisure, for the present and future generations. The green areas, even so it is not mentioned as specifically integrant of the formatting elements of the sustainable city, are indispensable for its formation, since it exerts vital functions in the urban ecosystem, such as the social, ecological, educational and aesthetic function, providing reduction in the urban pollution rates, creating shadows for the passer-bys, best acclimatization and protection for intensive winds, also working as space for diversion and leisure, being able to serve in such as local of primary studies directed toward the infantile public and for academic researches as well, and propitiating the aesthetic increasing, promoting the hygienic improvement and the consequence valuation of the urban area where it stands. All these elements lead to increase the population s quality of life, accurately the main point in the sustainable city s persecution, which is a citizen s right.
Arrecadação de bem vago como instrumento urbanístico eficaz na proteção do patrimônio histórico – cultural do município de Manaus.
(Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, 2016-06-30) Carvalho, Ellen Larissa Frota De; Feitoza, Paulo Fernando; Feitoza, Paulo Fernando de Britto; Mota, Nazareth da Penha Vasques; Ramos Filho, Carlos Alberto de Moraes
The Legal Relevance of Cultural Heritage came with a adoption unitary and systemic conception of the Constitution of 1988 entered cultural right in the role of environmental. Faced with this importance, the study aims to analyze a new and protection form in cultural through civil institute vague collection, derives from "abandonment", property loss mode, the article 1275, III and 1.276 are Civil Code. With so, work will talk about property law, since any action directed to the good of historical and cultural value preservation interfere directly in this law conforms it to reason with a social function of property. Also, as studied issues on administrative supervision of cultural heritage, as well as the protection of constitutional instruments to brazilian cultural heritage. However, raises the possibility of well abandoned storage as another form of protection. The dissertation method and deductive and data collection technique and the bibliographical research.
Os aspectos da responsabilidade civil por danos socioambientais em unidades habitacionais do programa minha casa, minha vida: estudo de caso residencial viver melhor I e II
(Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, 2016-04-13) Soares, Tatiana Dominiak; Braga, Mauro Augusto Ponce de Leão
La responsabilidad civil ambiental hace cesar y reparar el daño socioambiental, con una serie de peculiaridades que exige la interpretación de las normas desde la perspectiva de los principios ambientales.Por la análisis del Programa Minha, Casa Minha Vida será posible percibir la responsabilidad civil ambiental en daños ocurridos en las unidades habitacionales, bienes protegidos por el derecho urbanístico. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo principal analizar las peculiaridades de la responsabilidad civil y los posibles mecanismos para la reparación del daño ambiental sufrido por las familias en el Programa Minha, Casa Minha Vida, modalidad FAR, tomando como ejemplo los proyectos ViverMelhor I y II construidos en Manaus, sede de Amazonas. La identificación de bienes tutelados por el derecho ambiental en medio urbano, se basará en la legislación nacional e internacional de que se ocupa de su objeto, dando prioridad a la definición constitucional del Medio Ambiente, que contempla su aspecto artificial urbano. Secuencialmente se sistematizará las teorías de responsabilidad y también la protección específica del medio ambiente, su aplicación al constructor, al financiador y al Poder Público.Al final, debe-se estudiar el Programa Minha, Casa Minha Vida, así como la participación de las entidades públicas y privadas, analizando aspectos de la responsabilidad ambiental por danos socio ambientales en la construcción de viviendas, a cada uno de estos. Para lograr estos objetivos, el método lógico -deductivo será utilizado por el análisis de la legislación específica, los datos proporcionados por las entidades y recogidos.
Assentamentos rurais sustentáveis na Amazônia
(Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, 2017-02-01) Soares, Marcelo Pires; Pozzetti, Valmir César; Pozzetti, Valmir César; Silva Filho, Erivaldo Cavalcanti e; Fraxe, Jaiza Maria Pinto
From the 70s, several rural settlement projects have been set up in the Amazon to resolve the country's regional inequalities. However, these settlements have become environmental disasters with high rates of forest clearing, highlighting the difficult relationship between the fundamental right to the environment and the National Agrarian Reform Policy. The present research investigates which the Agrarian Reform model is compatible for the Amazon and how the National Agrarian Reform Policy can contribute to the protection of the environment within the settlement projects of the region. The juridical transversality and interdisciplinarity, observed in Contemporary Agrarian Law, the multifunctionality of agriculture and the environmental function of property point to the prevalence of the right to a healthy environment. Conceptually, Agrarian Reform is not limited to the idea of land distribution, but should have a broad meaning where other public policies related to the agrarian question are included. More than access to land, the Comprehensive Agrarian Reform seeks to ensure the improvement of the general welfare and, consequently, the preservation of the environment. The institution by INCRA of the Environmental Action Plan for the period 2008/2011 and the Program for Prevention, Combat and Alternatives to Illegal Deforestation in Amazonian Settlements (PPCADI-Amazônia), called the Green Settlements Program (PAV), in 2012, with the setting targets and guidelines for combating deforestation in settlement projects, indicate the existence of a model of Agrarian Reform for the Amazon. The chosen research line is the conservation of natural resources and sustainable development, with emphasis on the sub-themes sustainable development and public policies. The scientific method adopted is the inductive; the bibliographical and documentary research; and for the purposes of qualitative research. KEYWORDS: Land Reform; Rural Settlements; Sustainability; Environment; Amazon.
A atuação do IPAAM na gestão ambiental e aplicação da lei delegada n.º 102, de 18 de maio de 2.007, de acordo com os aspectos técnicos que determinam o princípio da precaução e eficiência com análise da eficácia e da efetividade do IPAAM
(Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, 2016-05-20) Lima, Adriana Almeida; Braga, Mauro Augusto Ponce de Leão; Silva, Daniel Nascimento e; Braga, Mauro Augusto Ponce de Leão; Mota, Maria Nazareth da Penha Vasques; Ramos Filho, Carlos Alberto de Moraes
The principles of precaution, efficiency and effectiveness are important optimization commandments for environmental management IPAAM, especially in the implementation of environmental legislation in the state of Amazonas. . In this sense, the objective of this research is to describe the main technical aspects - professional and institutional determining the effectiveness, efficiency and effectiveness of environmental management in IPAAM in the state of Amazonas, Brazil, for this is operationalized the following specific objectives: a) Describe the main features of principles: Precaution, the effectiveness, efficiency and effectiveness in environmental law and its relationship to environmental administrative management; b)Describe on environmental management and environmental management in IPAAM; c) Identify key aspects of the inspection made by the Court of the state and d) Relate the principles: Precaution, the effectiveness, efficiency and effectiveness in Environmental Law in environmental administrative management IPAAM. The methodology is divided into two characterizations: I. types of research, consisting of monographic studies and case study; II. approach methods and procedure, you select the critical-dialectical, by allowing the systemic analysis of environmental management IPAAM and II. research techniques, as follows: direct documentation, have field research, particularly through interviews; indirect documentation, the use of documents and bibliographies on the subject, in particular legislation and scientific references; direct observation, intensive because it is field research, using interviews and extensive, the use of questionnaires and interviews with semi-structured questionnaires. In order to make a survey of the application forms and questionnaires in the amount of seventy (70) respondents. Finally, by applying the questions were made 10 (ten) interviews, was originated the data of descriptive statistics.
A auditoria ambiental como instrumento de efetivação do dever do poder público em preservar o meio ambiente.
(Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, 2014-08-29) Azevedo, Adriana Oliveira de; Badr, Eid; Badr, Eid; Silva Filho, Erivaldo Cavalcanti e; Marques, José Roque Nunes
a degradación ambiental ya no es una mera preocupación para apoyar el deber de defender y preservar el medio ambiente sano. Por tanto la Constitución Federal de 1988, ha estandarizado no sólo el derecho de acceso a un medio ambiente sano, como se prescribe en el deber de su defensa y protección, especialmente para el Gobierno, también responsable de la preparación y ejecución de las políticas públicas para afectas desarrollo sostenible. Sin embargo, este lastre, algunas acciones públicas están causando o riesgos y daños medio ambientales significativos, cuya degradación a veces puede incluso ser objeto de restauración, como ocurre con la realización de algunas obras de construcción, renovación o extensión decrumprindo el Gobierno su deber de protección del medio ambiente. Junto a este deber, el entorno reglamentario proteccionista higid nos ofrecen instrumentos de actuaciones destinadas a preservar el medio ambiente, tanto de forma preventiva, como forma comisivos. El primero a través del Estudio de Impacto Ambiental Preliminar, el segundo por la Auditoría Ambiental realizada por control externo. El principio de prevención es intrínseca a la Ley del Medio Ambiente, en colaboración con otras disciplinas por el principio de la participación, los esfuerzos de sumas para cumplir con el deber de proteger el medio ambiente imbuido con el Gobierno. Por estas razones, el objetivo principal del presente estudio ha sido elaborado por el método hipotético deductivo, por la documentación directa e indirecta, es identificar objetivamente la forma de Auditoría Ambiental, como una herramienta fundamental para controlar las acciones de la degradación ambiental en Adiministração pública, especialmente objetivo para el seguimiento, verificación y evaluación de la ejecución de obras públicas y sus respectivos resultados, antes del cumplimiento de las políticas públicas relacionadas con ellos.
A biopirataria e a apropriação dos conhecimentos tradicionais associados à biodiversidade da Amazônia Brasileira
(Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, 2008-09-27) Alencar, Aline Ferreira de; Dantas, Fernando Antônio de Carvalho; Minahim, Maria Auxiliadora; Dantas, Fernando Antônio de Carvalho; Minahim, Maria Auxiliadora; Fonseca, Ozório José de Menezes
The biopiracy is a non authorized appropriation of certain region genetic patrimony, including fauna, flora, microorganisms and traditional knowledge associated to biodiversity. This kind of activity happens in developing countries, including Brasil, especially in the Brazilian Amazon, region rich in biodiversity, that attracts the lust for natural sources, by countries with technology, however poor in biodiversity, who intends to manufacturate new products, obtaining great financial returns. Therefore the nature is seen like raw material, source of capital gains. In this context, the appropriation of the traditional knowledge associated to biodiversity, from the Indians people and traditional populations, depicts a powerful short cut to create new products, because using the bioprospection is possible to reach the good results with economic rationality. The biopiracy attempts against the national interest and human rights, for that reason there is a suggestion to punish this activity by the criminal law, considering the relevance of the object, the environment. Also, to curb on biopiracy, there is also a necessity to improve the surveillance in the Brazilian Amazon, investment in research, and the application of the information, education and environmental participation principles, as a way of combining the State and collectivity, to prevent this harmful activity to Brazil and the traditional knowledge keepers. Keys-words: Biopiracy. Traditional knowledge biodiversity related. Brazilian Amazon. Genetic patrimony.
A busca por cidadania dos povo indígenas com base no socioambientalismo e no pluralismo jurídico: uma análise da conflituosidade em Novo Airão/Amazonas
(Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, 2011-05-27) Figueredo, Vaancklin dos Santos; Barbosa, Walmir de Albuquerque; Barbosa, Walmir de Albuquerque; Silveira, Edson Damas; Wiggers, Raquel
This is the conflituosidade existing in the municipality of Novo Airão, within the State of Amazonas, which decades ago were only lands inhabited by indigenous peoples and Maroons and, after the creation of Indian Lands Atroari and Jau National Park created an overlap Rights that were regulated and thereby obtained the demarcation of land with the creation of the Jau National Park and the demarcation of land for Atroari. In contrast, the recognition of the original right of Indians to their lands traditionally occupied and the creation of the Jau National Park, caused great conflituosidade in the region with the expulsion of hundreds of families who lived in areas of the Jau National Park, these families, mostly part of the maroon communities. Currently, permanently defined areas of enjoyment Atroari and specified as Full Protection with the Jau National Park, created new conflict in the region, because many families expelled from the Jau National Park began to live on its periphery, thus causing new conflituosidade as part of traditional population continued its secular way of life in surrounding areas between indigenous lands and conservation units, but their way of life and survival as a group has been sapped, because some of the access routes to regions and municipalities that are within the district boundaries of indigenous lands Atroari or Jau National Park, causing the immediate effect of the punishment of those communities, with the application of coercive measures, such as administrative fines, lawsuits and seizure raw material obtained from areas not belonging to Atroari and Jau National Park. The dissertation starts focusing on the conflict to such existing contextualizing the issue within the broader aspects in relation to quilombola drives, nature conservation and the original right of Indians to their lands traditionally occupied, and then far be- will be a discussion on the institution of slavery in Brazil, the most important principles of environmental law for this dissertation and an explanation of territories and ethnographic research. Finally, it will hold a discussion on legal pluralism and conflict resolution in New Airão, focusing on the territorial rights of indigenous and traditional populations, overlapping areas considered while indigenous lands and conservation units and a proposed use of the Institute of servitude in Units of Nature Conservation for Sustainable Development - Full Protection Areas, conservation areas, these, adjacent to areas subject to dispute, but also to promote the "settlement" of the Maroons, showing the positions entered into on the subject and if there is major understandings about the superposition of these important standards. Keywords: Indigenous Lands. Units of Nature Conservation. Conflituosidade New Airão / Amazon. Traditional Populations.
O caminho das águas na Amazônia: Itinerário da tecnologia naval amazônica e sua proteção jurídica como patrimônio cultural imaterial
(Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, 2007-09-27) Martins, Marco Aurélio de Carvalho; Dantas, Fernando Antônio de Carvalho; Jacinto, Andréa Borghi; Dantas, Fernando Antônio de Carvalho; Souza Filho, Carlos Frederico Marés de; Sá, Alcindo José de
This research is included in the field of legal protection of the cultural patrimony and aims identify the amazon naval technology as Brazilian immaterial cultural patrimony. This work had as motivator a rule from the SNPH – Amazon Superintendence of Navigation, Ports and Hydro ways, entity that rules the transport of people in the state of Amazonas. It is analyzed the traditional knowledge associated to the amazon naval technology must be considered as cultural patrimony, even if it can not be considered as scientific knowledge. The boats made of wood in Amazon arte part of a social development linked to the waters of the region. Having the biggest hydrographic basin of the world, the rivers and water courses are part of the daily of the amazons relating to their cultural development, what allows that technology of wooden boat construction must be considered as cultural patrimony of the Brazilian society. It is verified how is done the legal protection of the cultural patrimony in a way to protect the technology of boat construction end the wooden boats. It is focused the concern with the defense of this cultural patrimony because of the influence that it has suffered throughout the times, especially because of the attempt of its forced modification. Modify the material of construction of the boats bumps in the meaning that these instruments of transportation have to the amazon society. Even with the possibility of a combination of materials, metal and wood, it is stressed that it is a menace the modification of a cultural patrimony essential to the region, the boats. The legal instrument of protection of this cultural patrimony is the register, instituted by the Decree 3.551/2000, which rules the art. 216 of the Constitution of the Federative Republic of Brazil. Proceedings and its system are analyzed in a way to understand it better, as well as its main characteristics are stressed as it is applied in the understanding that the concern that is pursued is not the defense in a way to not allow its transformation, but to catalog its current situation and follow its development in time. It is concluded that the amazon naval technology is born and blossoms with the regional culture, being a part of its daily relations and being essential to the development of the region. It is observed that these characteristics confirm the idea that this technology is a Brazilian cultural patrimony and must be protected through the register, according to what states the Decree 3.551/2000. Key words: Legal protection of the Cultural Patrimony; Wooden boats; Cultural Patrimony; Constitution of the Federative Republic of Brazil; Register.