ENS - Escola Normal Superior
URI permanente desta comunidadehttps://ri.uea.edu.br/handle/riuea/2716
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Resultados da Pesquisa
Item Uma arquitetura pedagógica para a educação ambiental em escola pública na cidade de Manaus-AM(Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, 2023-03-03) Souza, Paloma Kaline Costa de; Ferreira, Rosilene Gomes da Silva; Chagas, Jéssica da Cruz; Jesus, Edilza Laray de; Battaini, VivianEnvironmental Education (EA) is one of the main existing tools for raising awareness and training the general population about environmental problems. Therefore, it is necessary that students are progressively stimulated and supported in the planning and cooperative realization of investigative activities, as well as in the sharing of the results of these investigations. In this sense, the paradigm of Pedagogical Architectures (PA) presents itself as a strategy to accommodate all these characteristics in a planned and organic way. Thus, this study implemented a PA in the teaching of AE, analyzing in the light of the BNCC the competencies and skills achieved and evaluated the influence of cooperative methods for better learning. This is a qualitative research characterized as Field Research, in a hybrid format, with students of the 6th grade of elementary school in a public school in the city of Manaus. The methodology was developed in three phases: 1st) Pre-intervention, where an initial questionnaire was applied to characterize the research subjects; 2nd) Intervention, with the development of a Pedagogical Architecture based on cooperative methods and TDIC's; 3rd) Post-intervention, with the application of a final questionnaire to verify learning. During the activities of the Intervention phase, the students produced digital materials, such as a Podcast, Websites and educational Videos, on topics related to environmental problems. The results demonstrate that the objectives were successfully achieved, because during the development of this work it was evidenced that the use of technological tools that allow the exchange of information, communication and production of didactic materials complement teaching and learning, while cooperative methods stimulate interest and collective work to perform tasks. The suggested proposal allowed an involvement and motivation to the students in dealing with EA, because it was perceived that the students developed critical sense and zeal for environmental issues from the activities developed. Keywords: cooperative learning, environment, technological resourcesItem Anatomia comparada do aparelho de Weber do grupo calophysus (siluriformes: pimelodidae)(Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, 2023-03-01) Silva, Micael Cavalli de Alencar e; Rocha, Marcelo Salles; Bührnheim, Cristina Motta; Ribeiro, Frank Raynner VasconcelosCurrently, the Pimelodidae family includes the Calophysus group, composed of the genera: Aguarunichthys Stewart, 1986; Calophysus Müller & Troschel, 1843; Cheirocerus Eigenmann, 1917; Luciopimelodus Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1888; Megalonema Eigenmann, 1912; Pimelodine Steindachner, 1877; and Pinirampus Bleeker, 1858. Serious taxonomic problems, together with its commercial importance, made studies necessary to diagnose and delimit the species that make up the group. Among the objectives of this work, we have to understand the kinship relationships within the Calophysus group so that it is possible to establish its internal relationships, taking into account the morphological and phylogenetic studies already published. The analyzed material is deposited in the INPA Fish Collection, with the Pimelodidae family being one of the most representative in terms of the number of listed lots. The cladistic methodology was followed according to Hennig (1950, 1966), focusing on the morphological characters of the Weber Apparatus region of individuals of the Calophysus group. In addition, diaphanized individuals were used, who underwent the Potthoff protocol (1984), which basically consists of bleaching the muscles and bones. With this study, it was possible to expand the osteological knowledge of the species that make up the group of interest. Having 16 characters described that were coded for 9 taxa and submitted to a parsimony analysis, resulting in two more parsimonious trees. Thus, we have that the structure of the Apparatus of Weber is highly modified in several species of the group. However, the characters analyzed here were not enough, requiring the addition of other characters that make up the group or even the Pimelodidae family. Keywords: Catfish; biodiversity; ichthyology; fishes; systematic.Item Caracterização morfofisiológica de frutos, sementes e plântulas de duas espécies de fabaceae de Igapó do Rio Negro(Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, 2023-03-01) Amaral, Fernanda Siza; Uguen, Katell; Liberato, Maria Astrid Rocha; Melo, Maria da Glória Gonçalves de; Pereira, Marta Regina SilvaThe Fabaceae family is considered one of the three most abundant families of angiosperms, being very present in igapó areas. In addition to diversity, there are species of economic interest and of great ecological importance with associations of microorganisms capable of fixing or interning. of the species. Characterization research is important for ecological, protection, management and conservation studies. Therefore, the objective of this work was to characterize the fruits, seeds and seedlings of Campsiandra laurifolia Benth. and Dalbergia inundata Spruce ex. Benth., characterizing the fruits, seeds and seedlings, in addition to collecting information about the species. Fruit collection was carried out at the Instituto Soka Amazônia, on the left bank of the Rio Negro, on the Lower Rio Negro, in the city of Manaus, in the East Zone. The collections were sent to the Laboratory of Seed Technology - EST, at the University of the State of Amazonas, where they were applied to the other stages of the research, which include the biometry of fruits and seeds, sowing of seeds for the evaluation and characterization of seedlings. The species C. laurifolia has fruits of the woody legume type and disc-shaped seeds, while the species D. inundata has fruits of the samaroid legume type with leathery consistency and seeds with a kidney shape. Germination occurred after 26 days of sowing with 93% of germinated seeds, the Emergence Speed Index (IVE) was 0.52 and an average time of germination of 15.13 days. D. inundata seeds did not germinate, preventing germination and seedling characterization. The seedling of C. laurifolia was morphologically characterized until the fourth leaf node was formed. Keywords: Biometrics; Wetlands; Amazon; Campsiandra laurifolia, Dalbergia inundataItem Mineração genômica e análise metabolômica de Talaromyces sp., gênero fúngico oriundo do bioma amazônico(Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, 2023-03-08) Rocha, Fernanda Adrielle da Silva; Koolen, Hector Henrique Ferreira; Lima Júnior, Raimundo Sousa; Paz, Weider Henrique PinheiroMicroorganisms make up a distinct group of living beings possessing a high metabolic capacity. Among them, the fungal genus Talaromyces stands out because of its ability to biosynthesize compounds of biotechnological interest. To learn about the metabolic pathways related to the production of bioactive compounds, as well as the gene regions responsible for their biosynthesis, this work proposed to investigate the genome of Talaromyces sp., as well as to determine the best cultivation condition for the production of metabolites. In this way, the Talaromyces sp. was submitted to cultivation through the One Strain and Many Active Compounds technique. The extracts obtained were analyzed using Liquid Chromatography coulpled to Mass Spectrometry, and it submitted the results to the Global Natural Products Social Molecular Network platform. It subsequently performed DNA extraction, according to the CTAB protocol. In turn, its genome was sequenced using the Ilumina pared-end 150 bp method. The fungiSmash version 6.1.1 platform, the Geneious software, and the BlastP tool (National Center for Biotechnology Informati) enabled us to carry out gene mining. As metabolomic results, it was possible to identify the best production of metabolites in the Malt Extract medium and dereplicate five molecules of the polyketide class. The mining gene revealed thirty and three biosynthetic gene clusters (BCG’s), being them: 4 ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides, 2 terpenes, 13 poliketides, 10 nonribosomal peptides, 1 indole, and two mixed, 1 terpene-polyketide, and 1 nonribosomal peptides-polyketide. At last, through the bibliographic survey, it was possible to relate a cluster to the production of maleic anhydrides, associating it with the biosynthesis of cordianhydrides, in addition to associating homologous enzymes with the synthesis of purpactin A. The metabolome analysis with the mining of the genome of Talaromyces sp. led to the conclusion of the contribution to revealing its biosynthetic potential, in addition to having made possible, through investigations, the elucidation of the biosynthesis of interest compounds. Therefore, it is ratified the need for handling other more refined bioinformatics tools for the study of still-unknown BCG’s, to provide greater precision in the proposals of biosynthetic routes. Keywords: Talaromyces, genome mining, metabolites.Item Desenvolvimento ontogenético do espinho da nadadeira peitoral de Calophysus macropterus Muller & Troschel 1843 (Pimelodidae-Siluriformes)(Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, 2023-03-01) Souza, Elson Gustavo Oliveira de; Rocha, Marcelo Salles; Bührnheim, Cristina Motta; Ribeiro, Frank Raynner VasconcelosThe pectoral fin spines of Siluriformes have a wide morphological variation, with great importance in the taxonomy of many groups. The characteristic and morphologically variable pectoral fin spine of catfish (order Siluriformes) has been well investigated based on later developmental stages (juvenile and adult), but information on early life stages is lacking. Thus, through morphological and osteological analyses, this research aimed to study the anatomy of the pectoral fin spine of Calophysus macropterus (Siluriformes, Pimelodidae), popularly known as piracatinga, throughout the ontogeny of the species. Calophysus macropterus is the only valid species for the genus, so it is necessary to study the ontogenetic characteristics of the development of the pectoral spine to understand the current species and for future studies on the taxonomy of the group. The morphological analyses revealed that there is no variation in the spines of adult specimens; all of them presented the basic structures of the Siluriformes spine, both in the spine and in the ornamentations. Analyzing juvenile specimens revealed variations in the first stages of life, with spines without any type of ornamentation, others having both serras and dentitions and others only serras. These morphological variations may contribute to the study of the species while collaborating with the existing literature on the study of the pectoral fin throughout the ontogeny of Calophysus macropterus. We encourage the continuity of morphological studies of the pectoral-fin spine, including new characters. Keywords: Piracatinga; Spine; Ontogeny; Silurus.Item Análise morfométrica de osteocephalus taurinus (anura: hylidae)(Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, 2022-05-06) Moraes, Thainá Najar Matos de; Rocha, Marcelo Salles; Barros, André de LimaThe Amazon is home to a high species richness, however, neotropical forests as a whole are poorly studied and possibly under-sampled. Studies with various taxonomic groups, including amphibians, have shown that the diversity may be even greater than imagined, revealing high rates of cryptodiversity. To explain the high biodiversity of the Amazon, there are theories that mainly consider 1) changes in the landscape, 2) historical climatic variations and to a lesser extent, 3) ecological factors. Anurans of the genus Osteocephalus are widely distributed, occupying tropical forests in the Amazon Basin and Guiana Region. It constitutes a group rich in cryptic species, being recognized for not reaching taxonomic stability, where studies of synonymy and species resuscitation are frequent. In this context, we evaluated whether the morphometry in O. taurinus varies in populations from different localities. Sixteen morphometric parameters were measured for 175 specimens of O. taurinus deposited in the herpetological collection of the Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA). We used a Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) to test significant differences in the morphometry of the evaluated individuals. Our results showed a poor accuracy in the discrimination of populations when analyzed by geographic location (44% accuracy). When analyzing the groups according to the relief, in a plain vs shield comparison, the groups had greater accuracy (79%). Keywords: Geographic variation, Species delimitation, Cryptic species.Item Profissional biólogo: a importância do conhecimento da legislação pelos discentes do curso de ciências biológicas(Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, 2022-05-18) Sousa, Valdenice Vilagelin de; Cabral, Hiléia Monteiro Maciel; Silva, Adriana Brito daWe consider the biologist a professional who is dedicated to the study of the most diverse forms of life, ecological processes and the systematics of the environment. the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) five out of ten biologists cannot find work after graduation. During graduation, there is a lack of information about the areas that biologists can work when they graduate, making this public more vulnerable to this information. The present study sought to analyze the understanding of students of the biological sciences course in relation to the legislation of the professional biologist. The objective of this research was to evaluate the knowledge of students about the areas and sub-areas of professional biologist performance, and to demonstrate the importance of knowledge of legislation related to the profession, in directing the numerous possibilities in the job market. Biologists should not limit themselves to knowing only the three main areas of activity, namely environment and biodiversity, health and biotechnology and production, but also deepen their knowledge in their sub-areas, which encompasses about 88 registered sub-areas, which have about their professional activities, areas and sub-areas of professional biologist knowledge, which are mostly unknown to students of the biological sciences course Based on the approach, the present research is characterized as descriptive and exploratory, the activities were carried out with a student of the biological sciences course from four universities in the city of Manaus/AM, remotely, and a questionnaire was applied using the Google Forms platform. , asking their knowledge about the known areas and sub-areas of activity, after the questionnaire, an online lecture was given by the StreamYard platform broadcast live on Youtube, with the aim of answering possible questions about the biologist's areas/sub-areas, based on in the questionnaire applied to the students. The results revealed that the proposal was met, as it presented relevant data from the students about the areas and sub-areas that biologists can act when graduated, students showed their dissatisfaction regarding the neglect with the disciplines of legislation, since, in most universities these subjects are not given due recognition, therefore, the necessary information is not taken to students, leading to loss of the job market when they graduate. Keywords: Areas; Subarea; Biology student.Item Avaliação nos fatores de risco de doenças cardiovasculares em alunos e funcionários da UEA: Escola Normal Superior(Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, 2022-05-14) Reis, Vitória Maria Lima; Rosa, Sônia Maciel daAn assessment of modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular diseases on a group of students and employees at a public university in the city of Manaus - AM. Factors such as blood glucose, BMI, blood pressure, family history and physical activity were analyzed. Anthropometric measurements were made with all research participants, where students from the Biological Sciences course and employees of the Escola Normal Superior unit were selected, who filled out a questionnaire with age, sex and habits. 103 volunteers participated, being 93 students with an average age of 23 years and 10 employees with an average age of 43 years. The consumption of alcohol consumption, overweight, obesity and the pandemic were pointed out as factors that strongly influenced the variation of the items surveyed, in addition to unhealthy lifestyle and habits. The study serves as an alert for the factors that may trigger cardiovascular diseases in the future in UEA students and staff. Keywords: risk factors, cardiovascular diseases, lifestyle, pandemic.Item Residência pedagógica de biologia: contribuições do programa para a prática docente dos residentes(Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, 2022-05-14) Sá, Wellem Kathney Araújo de; Cabral, Hiléia Monteiro MacielThe pedagogical residence is a training activity carried out by a a student regularly enrolled in a degree course and developed in a public school of basic public school of basic education, called the field school. The pedagogical pedagogical residence is a training activity carried out by a student regularly enrolled in an undergraduate course and developed in a public school of basic education, called the field school. The residency had a total of 440 hours of activities distributed as follows 60 hours for getting settled into the school; 320 hours of immersion, 100 of which were immersion, 100 of which are regency, which will include the planning and execution of at least one 60 hours for the elaboration of a final report, evaluation and socialization of activities. final report, evaluation and socialisation of activities.Item Aplicação de técnicas moleculares para identificação do complexo mycobacterium tuberculosis e genotipagem da linhagem beijing em cepas de m. tuberculosis isoladas em Manaus - AM(Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, 2022-05-15) Lima, Viana, Wesley Roberth; Barbosa, Larissa Kirsch; Ogusku, Mauricio MorishiThe new technologies being developed have redefined the diagnosis of tuberculosis, providing a foundation for laboratory diagnostic techniques. The molecular diagnosis of tuberculosis by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR, polymerase chain reaction) that uses primers of high specificity (98%), with wide sensitivity variations (20-100%), has been used to identify genetic targets in the bacillus. The general objective of this work was to apply molecular techniques for the identification of bacteria of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis Complex and genotyping of the Beijing strain in strains of M. tuberculosis isolated in Manaus - AM. For this, the mycobacteria were preserved in Sauton's liquid medium or Middlebrook 7H9 medium containing Tween 80 and glycerol, kept at -20oC or -80oC in the mycobacteriology laboratory at INPA. With this, a DNA extraction was initially performed to use it in the PCR technique, followed by agarose gel electrophoresis and, at the end, the electrophoretic profile of each strain was set up based on genomic deletions for the primers 16SrRNA, Rv0577, IS1561 ', Rv1510, Rv1970, Rv3877/8, Rv3120 and Rv2073c. Finally, genotyping was carried out to verify the presence of the Beijing lineage among these strains, through the Multiplex PCR technique, where the primers ON-1002 (Fw), ON-1258 (R1) and ON-1127 (R2) were used. This work shows that among the CMtb species, only the Mycobacterium tuberculosis species was identified among the analyzed isolates (64.3%), as well as the presence of the Beijing genotype was not observed among the M. tuberculosis strains isolated in Manaus – AM and analyzed so far. Key words: M. tuberculosis; Identification; Molecular; Genotyping; Beijing.