Diagnóstico epidemiológico dos acidentes ofídicos no Estado do Amazonas no período de 2010 a 2017

Abstract

The Amazonas state, with its a climatic characteristics and predominant economic activities, becomes a risky environment for the snakebites. Therefore, the study had as a general aim to analyze the epidemiological data of accidents by venomous snakes in the state of Amazonas, in addition to having as specific objectives the quantification of the number of cases in this time interval, showing the importance of seeking early care and identifying the main species that affect the state. A quantitative study was carried out using data from the Notifiable Diseases Information System (SINAN) and a literature review with a search in databases such as Scielo, pubmed. Data were collected from 2010 to 2017 in 62 municipalities in the state of Amazonas. The variables analyzed were: year with the highest incidence, municipality with the highest incidence, sex of the victim, species of snake responsible for the accident, time interval between the accident and therapy, and deaths. During the years 2010 and 2017, a total of 12,502 cases were reported in the state, with the majority of victims registered in Manaus with 1,299 cases. Most victims were male, and were affected by bites of the genus Bothrops. The greatest number of victims arrived at the hospital and started therapy between 1 and 3 hours after the accident. Deaths in the state have less than 20 cases per year. This study expands knowledge on the epidemiology of accidents by poisonous animals in the state of Amazonas, which is essential to quantify the disease burden, contribute to evidence-based health care planning, and assess the effectiveness and relative contribution of primary and secondary preventive measures and tertiary to reduce these accidents and their complications in the region.