A política pública do programa prioritário de bioeconomia do CAPDA: instrumento de sustentabilidade ambiental e desenvolvimento na Amazônia Legal

Abstract

This dissertation analyzes the Priority Bioeconomy Program (PPBio), established by the Amazon Research and Development Activities Committee (CAPDA) and modified by Law No. 13,674/2018, investigating its effectiveness as an instrument to promote sustainable development in the Western Amazon. A qualitative methodology is adopted, with a descriptive and analytical approach, based on literature review, document analysis, and the study of emblematic cases. The theoretical framework articulates public policies (Bucci), principles of Environmental Law (Ramos Júnior and Souza), sustainable development (Sachs), mission-oriented innovation policies (Mazzucato), and public environmental governance (Norte). The paper examines the Manaus Free Trade Zone Informatics Law (Law No. 8,387/1991) and its amendments, which consolidate CAPDA as the governance body for R&D investments. The results show that, between 2019 and 2023, the PPBio supported 25 technology-based companies, executed 56 regional initiatives, strengthened 17 productive chains, generated 456 jobs, trained over 10,000 professionals, mobilized R$ 132 million, contributed to the reduction of 300 tons of CO2, and supported the preservation of 776 thousand hectares of forest. The analysis of five emblematic projects illustrates the translation of R&D resources into technological innovations, social inclusion, and environmental conservation. Structural governance challenges are identified across four levels: normative, managerial, representational, and environmental. The conclusion is that the PPBio shows consistent evidence of effectiveness, representing an institutional innovation that transforms policy centered on fiscal incentives into a mission-oriented policy aligned with the Sustainable Development Goals. To consolidate itself as a State policy, it requires advancements in governance: a legal basis in federal law, equal composition with the participation of traditional communities, professionalization of management, and binding environmental criteria. The paper presents 10 recommendations and proposes an agenda for future research, contributing to the consolidation of the field of studies on institutionalized bioeconomy and demonstrating that the PPBio constitutes a legal-institutional model that integrates economic development, social justice, and environmental sustainability in the Amazon.