Desenvolvimento de métodos alternativos para aulas práticas de laboratório de ciências e biologia para escolas públicas do município de Tabatinga - AM

Abstract

In this contemporary era where everything is linked to technology, we see a lack of scientific methods in the natural sciences discipline. There are several problems we can explain, and it is clear that the education system is not meeting certain needs of this new generation for the pursuit and application of scientific knowledge. Given all the questions above, the objective of this article is to demonstrate the different practices that can be applied in the classroom and thus develop an interdisciplinary natural sciences laboratory with the implementation and development of alternative methods for urban public schools. The study was conducted with seven classes, elementary school I and II, in the annex of the Francisco Mendes Municipal School and the annex of the José Carlos Mestrinho Municipal School, located in the municipality of Tabatinga, Amazonas state. These students were in the 4th, 7th, and 8th grades. The study addressed core themes related to the aforementioned discipline, addressing topics that require laboratory practice using concrete materials. The methodology was entirely based on a questionnaire to obtain students' prior knowledge, followed by a "brainstorming" dynamic to introduce scientific knowledge. This was followed by a laboratory practice and a workshop in which students assembled an alternative microscope for their own use, and games addressing the topic. The applied activities were based on the didactic sequence proposed by Zabala (1998), consisting of conceptual, procedural, and attitudinal content. The difficulties related to finding or obtaining laboratory materials, or the lack thereof, prompted us to seek and develop alternative methods for solving this problem. The practical classes encouraged students' reasoning, sparking their imagination and curiosity. This increased student interest and improved grades, as students were able to perform with their own hands what they had previously only observed in books.