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Abordagem CTS e a alfabetização científica: implicações para as diretrizes do programa ciência na escola
(Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, 2015-03-17) Gomes, Orleylson Cunha; Aguiar, José Vicente de Souza; Aguiar, José Vicente de Souza; Souza, Ana Cláudia Ribeiro de; Costa, Mauro Gomes da; Fachín-Terán, Augusto; Araújo, Cleuza Suzana Oliveira de
The scientific and technological literacy emerges in the educational context with the development of the STS movement, based on the idea of allowing citizens to participate in discussions on the conduct of science and technology in society. The practice is widely supported by those who aim at the formation of autonomous individuals with the basic domain of scientific and ethical knowledge; they can participate in decisions involving the state and the S & T policies. In this sense, our research has focused on understanding how the Science Program in schooling PCE contributes to the formation of students scientifically literate, from projects developed in Manaus city schools in 2014. To do this we divided the work in two stages, the first characterized by the application of VOSTS questionnaire (Aikenhead, 1992) and the bibliographic research. The second stage was based on content analysis of scientific technical reporting (Bardin, 1977) and of the objectives proposed in the works selected in the light of the ideas advocated in Bloom's Taxonomy (2001). We also conduct the questionnaire application with open questions to the teachers who participated in the PCE and have had their projects selected for analyzes of this work with a view to know their views on the CTS interaction. The results allows us to show that possibly the projects developed in schools turn away from the idea of questioning, reflection and critical issues that deserve to be discussed in our view, on Science and Technology, so that they may be entering students in the debate on the implications of these two fields of knowledge nowadays. Implications for the PCE proposes to bring students to scientific literacy and thereby develop the ability to participate in scientific and technological development in the regional scenario, we find that the projects develop still laden with traditional assumptions about science, based on the transmission content and demonstration experiments, these activities, which in our view, distance themselves from the ACT assumptions widely disseminated in the educational environment and adopted by our work. However, the Program is believed one of the steps for initiation of students in scientific circles, allowing that develops among the participants the ability to follow the scientific career
Ação carrapaticida do extrato bruto de Pycnoporus sanguineus em carrapatos da espécie Boophilus microplus
(Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, 2010-06-13) Silva, Epitácio Cardoso Dutra de Alencar e; Silva, Ademir Castro e; Silva, Ademir Castro e; Ribeiro, Helena Camarão Telles; Nascimento, Claudete Catanhede do
Boophilus microplus it is a bovine tick with ample world-wide distribution, where one searched with this work, to characterize the Acaricides action of fungus Amazonian Pycnoporus sanguineus. They had been tested solvent with different polarities for extraction of bimolecular of carpophores of fungus Pycnoporus sanguineus. The effect of different concentrations of the rude extract was evaluated of Pycnoporus sanguineus on the survival of larvae of Boophilus microplus. The percentage of the mortality of the engorged females was calculated of Boophilus microplus in the different concentrations of the rude extract of Pycnoporus sanguineus, well as, its tax of fertile ovule in relation to the effectiveness of the tested product. The experiments had been lead in the Bioorganic laboratory of the Master Degree in Biotechnology of the University of the State of Amazon, where it was tested: larval sensitivity in impregnated papers and the sensitivity of the females engorged in immersion tests. In general way, in the biotests with larvae the experiments with watery extract had been the ones that had presented tax of passed mortality better 144 hours of experiment. In this extract, the 50% concentration already after presented high percentage of mortality in first the 48 hours of test (~86% ) totalizing 100% of mortality 144 hours the beginning of the test. In contrast of what the ethanolic rude extract occurred for the tax of mortality in the test with larvae, in the test with engorged females, it was what it presented better resulted. In the concentration of 12,5% of this extract, mortality reached 100% of the passed engorged female 120 hours of the test, whereas for the concentration of 6.25%, in the same time space, provoked a mortality of engorged females of 80%. In this same concentration (6, 25%), the watery extract, only presented 30% of lethality for the females engorged with 120 hours after the initiated test. In general way, the ethanol extract presents superior effectiveness to that watery one. In the 12,5% concentration, for example, of ethanolic extract the effectiveness reaches 90%, whereas in a bigger concentration two times the watery extract only reaches 50% of effectiveness. In the 6, 25% concentration of ethanolic extracts shows efficiency about 45% greater of what of the watery extract. The development of products that can be tested the field and be commercialized the competitive prices will be steps to be followed. The bioacaricides has one appeal great advertising, allowing controlling B. microplus in a less aggressive way to the environment. Word-key: Boophilus microplus. Pycnoporus sanguineus. Etanólico extract. Engorged female. Acaricides.
Ação Larvicida de espécies da família piperaceae em anopheles sp e Culex quinquefasciatus (DIPTERA: CULICIDAE)
(Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, 2007-04-23) Corrêa, Rachel Geber; Tadei, Wanderli Pedro; Nunomura, Sergio Massayoshi; Tadei, Wanderli Pedro
Extracts from eight species of the Piperaceae family were utilized to evaluate the larvicidal activity against 3rd instar larvae 3rd of Culex quinquefasciatus e Anopheles sp. Plant material that belongs to the Piper genera were collected from two places: Piper hostmanianum, P. dilatatum e P. tuberculatum were collected at the main campus of INPA – Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, in Manaus, capital of the Amazonas State. The remaining species P. amapense, P. cyrtopodon, P. capitarianum, P. baccans e P. erectipillum were collected at the Adolpho Ducke reserve located at peripheric area of Manaus. The extracts were obtained from a standardized procedure that involved the extraction of the dried material in a Soxhlet apparatus for 18 h with methanol replacing the solvent every 6 hours. The evaluated extracts were obtained from different parts of plants – fruits, leaves, stems and roots. The biologic tests were made in rejoinders of 3 inside dismissable 50 mL cups containing 10 mL of distilled water within variable concentrations of 0,008 to 1000 μg/mL by making the mortality reading in 24 h. The most active extract was fractioned by the means of chromatographic techniques and the biomonitoring test enabled to isolate the main pelitorina e piplartina components that were identified by the means of monodimensioned nuclear magnetic resonance (RMN 1H e 13C). The studies of the larvicidal activity with the fractions and the isolated substance indicated a sinergystic effect among them. There were also registered external and behavior morphologic alterations of the 3rd instar larvae of A. nuneztovari in contact with the hexanic and chloroformic fruit extracts of Piper tuberculatum.
O acervo pictórico da Igreja de São Sebastião em Manaus
(Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, 2016-03-30) Rodrigues, Carrie Carolinne Evans Ferreira; Páscoa, Luciane Viana Barros; Páscoa, Luciane Viana Barros; Nascimento, Maria Evany do; Mesquita, Otoni Moreira de
This academical search has for obtaining develop a study on the pictorial collection at Igreja de São Sebastião (St. Sebastian Church) by means of iconography and iconology, looking for both give rise to the information referring to this aggregation that takes part on a collection which has historical prominence, and arrange such information out methodically. After the pictorial collection has been identified and documented visually, an aesthetical appreciation was done, intending to analyze techniques, themes, and features of the composition. The method which has been employed involved the historical research and the iconographic analysis in accordance to Panofsky´s theoretical prescriptions (Panofsky, 1991). Also, it was done the identification of the motifs, of the themes and iconographic features of the paintings which were selected from the nave, the transept, the ceiling, the high altar and the cupola of the Igreja de São Sebastião. These works were made under the supervision of the Italian architect Silvio Centofanti. The Igreja de São Sebastião had already been studied in its architectural aspects (Mesquita, 1999) and had already appeared among a list of old churches that form a touristic and patrimonial itinerary at Manaus city (Andrade, Filippini, 2009). The consummation of this iconographic study is unprecedented, and proposes contribution by offering historic-artistic subsidies for the history of art in Amazonas. Key-words: Painting – Manaus – Sacred iconography – Silvio Centofanti – Igreja de São Sebastião (St. Sebastian Church) – Francesco Campanela.
Ações subsidiárias do exército brasileiro na garantia da preservação do meio ambiente em faixa de fronteira da Amazônia ocidental
(Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, 2013-08-27) Rodrigues, Marcelo Moraes; Filho, Erivaldo Cavalcanti e Silva; Filho, Erivaldo Cavalcanti e Silva; Feitoza, Paulo Fernando de Brito; Barbosa, Walmir de Albuquerque
The region of band of border of the “Amazônia Brazilian occidental person” possesss innumerable ecosystems that must be protected by the State in result of some factors to contribute for the degradation of the environment in the localities extreme of the country, this occurs in relation to the withdrawal irrational of natural resources, the not sustainable development and the occurrence of ambient crimes. In this manner, the presence becomes important accomplishes of the public power to prevent the occurrence of these facts, the “Armed Forces”, particularly the terrestrial force to militate, possesss organizations invades in strategical points of the domestic territory, in this way its presence helps in the preservation of the natural resources, and in the proper format of development of these regions. The present research was carried through with approach in the bibliography, legislation and circumscribed documentation to the subject, possesss as target to understand the paper of the “Brazilian Army” in the relative questions the occured ambient crimes in Amazonian bordering area, also it searchs to show the subsidiary actions that involve the preservation of the environment and, the relation with the traditional communities that they inhabit specific localities, as well as: to identify aspects of the “Ambient International law” capable to influence the national sovereignty. The object of this inquiry involves the bordering arc located in the portion the northwest of the Amazonian, noticed, the city of “Is Gabriel of the Waterfall” approaches the principles of the sustainable development, precaution and polluting agent-payer. Due to possibility of the activities exerted in the neighboring countries to cause eventual damages to the nature contained in the ground national and also the carried through ones in Brazilian lands to affect neighboring ecosystems were brought to quarrel the problem of the relativity of the sovereignty. It also presents the question of the power of policy of the army in advantage of the protection of the environment, shows its legitimacy to accomplish destined actions to prevent and to restrain ambient crimes. It chooses the region of Are Gabriel of the Waterfall for presenting land overlapping of the Union with Unit of Conservation of the too much federative beings and aboriginal lands, showing the implications for the protection of the environment.
Acordo de pesca como instrumento de gestão participativa na Amazônia
(Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, 2009-10-02) Cerdeira, Regina Glória Pinheiro; Camargo, Serguei Aily Franco de; Camargo, Serguei Aily Franco de; Petrere Júnior, Miguel; Jacinto, Andréa Borghi Moreira
This research approaches the fishing agreements as an instrument of fishery participatory management developed in the Amazon. It describes the environment of várzea as the scenario of relationships that are established as from the use of a resource of public access like fish; and as the main areas of fishery in inner waters of the Amazon. The fishery community-based agreements, developed from pressures over environments of lakes of ribeirinhos communities are the main instrument of participatory fishery management and they have been presented as a promising way to control conflicts, reduce over fishing and increase fishing productivity in the lakes. However, the research also focuses on the need of monitoring and evaluating this instrument in order to have consolidated results in the purpose of management. One of the challenges of this community-based co-management is to guarantee the public access and the appropriate management of fishing resource before the antagonistic interests of users over the resource. It approaches, yet, under a legal analysis, the only legal document, the normative instruction IBAMA n. 29/02, which determines in specific forms, clear criteria for the creation of these agreements, aiming to generate complementary rules to fishing laws; besides the new concepts of fishing determined by the Law n.11.959/2009. The analysis of fishing agreements is done, also considering the participatory management that has been developed in the region of Urubu River, in the town of Boa Vista do Ramos/AM, taking into account socioeconomic aspects of the communities and the impressions of the inhabitants about the validity and efficacy of the rules in the Portaria IBAMA N. 11/2003. In this study, it’s discussed that the participation of users in natural resources management, like fish, is fundamental, but before organizational structures strengthened with the ability of mobilization, coordination and representation of the group, with leaders who are able to act as interlocutors in the processes of co-management. In this aspect, the communities in the region of Urubu River in Boa Vista do Ramos still need development. The lack of articulation between this communities and involvement with the local fishing organization can be pointed as important reasons for the decadence observed in the valid fishing management; however this agreement has also presented positive aspects like the control of conflicts around the fishing activities and the feeling of abundant fish, even in its beginning.
Acurácia diagnóstica de um painel de sinais e sintomas clínicos para a detecção da deficiência de ferro em doadoras de sangue
(Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, 2019-03-26) Joseph, Jamesly; Fraiji, Nelson Abrahim; de Paula, Erich Vinicius; Moura Neto, José Pereira de; Lima, Domingos Sávio Nunes de; Monteiro, Wuelton Marcelo
ABSTRACT Iron deficiency (ID) is a health condition in which the availability of iron is insufficient to meet the needs of the body. This condition remains the most common cause of anemia, accounting for half of all cases of anemia worldwide, prevailing even in developed countries. Clinically, it manifests itself through generalized fatigue, pica, hair loss, dysphagia, brittle nails, among others. Recent data show that the frequency of ID is high in blood donors, and that this situation is even more complex in women at reproductive ages due to losses related to menstruation, pregnancy and lactation. However, a high proportion of blood donors are deficient in iron despite sufficient hemoglobin levels for donation. In this study, we evaluated the accuracy of two clinical instruments (CI), based respectively on anamnesis and physical examination (PE), with the objective of detecting iron deficiency without anemia among female blood donors who attended blood collection unit of a public blood center in Brazil (HEMOAM),thus providing data for an improvement in standard screening quality for donation. The study was cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical. The study population consisted of 221 approved blood donors in the blood donation screening process at the HEMOAM central collection unit. The clinical data were obtained by means of an instrument for anamnesis and PE. The anamnesis CI tool consisted of three questions, focused on: (1) pica symptoms; (2) hair loss; and (3) nail changes, and the CI of PE consisted of a standardized physical examination, we evaluated (1) pallor of the palpebral conjunctiva, and (2) nail weakness. Determinations of serum ferritin, transferrin saturation, serum iron and hemogram were performed. The accuracy of the CI was measured by sensitivity, specificity, predictive values, and likelihood ratios. The mean age of the population was 31 years. The frequency of blood donors with ID was 40% (ferritin <30 ng/ ml), and 9.9% of the donors had a more severe deficiency (ferritin <30 ng/ml).Regarding the risk factors for ID, significant, yet a mild correlation (p<0.05) was observed between ferritin and duration of menstruation (P=0.0037).Regarding the use of the CI, none of the analyzes of the clinical criteria used for the diagnosis of ID presented individually acceptable values of accuracy. By analyzing the three questions in the clinical history together and using the affirmative criterion for only one of them, we noticed a clinically significant increase in the sensitivity of this criterion in the different cutoff points of ferritin and hemoglobin (Hb),as well as higher values of predictive value negative (77%, 94% respectively with ferritin <12ng/ml).The rationale for this strategy was to try to create a panel of questions that applied to the screening, xi could be used to exclude donors with higher risk of ID, although some of these results were false positives. Finally, when considered together all the variables that indicate ID, from the clinical point of view presented higher values of sensitivity and negative predictive value, indicating the possibility of using this clinical criterion as a tool for clinical screening for ID among females blood donors, particularly in areas with higher ID prevalence. Keywords: Iron deficiency. Blood donation. Signs and symptoms.
O adicional de penosidade e a de efetivação do direito humano fundamental ao meio ambiente do trabalho saudável
(Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, 2023-02-28) Ferreira, Magdalena Araujo Pereira; Silva, Tulio Macedo Rosa e; Melo, Sandro Nahmias; Boucinhas Filho, Jorge Cavalcanti
The present work aims to analyze the possibility of realizing the fundamental human right to a healthy work environment in the face of the lack of regulation of the additional hardship, provided for in art. 7, XXIII of the Brazilian Federal Constitution. To this end, general aspects of the environment and the legal nature of the work environment were analyzed, considering it as a fundamental human right and classifying it as a diffuse right of the 3rd dimension. The structuring principles of the work environment were addressed, with emphasis on the principles of human dignity, prevention and precaution for the environment, the polluter pays, sustainable development, as well as the apparent antinomy between the norms that determine the reduction of the risks inherent to work (art.7, XXII of the CRFB) with the possibility of remuneration for painful, unhealthy or dangerous work provided for constitutionally (art.7, XXIII, of the CRFB) and the question of the existence, validity and effectiveness of the legal norms and the horizontal effectiveness of fundamental rights. In addition, the norms for the protection of workers' health and safety were observed at the international level, with an analysis of the main ILO conventions (155 and 161), constitutional and infraconstitutional norms, which aim to eliminate risk and ensure a safe and secure work environment. In conclusion to the proposed problem, an analysis was presented on the lack of regulation of the additional hardship and the ways of realizing the fundamental human right to a healthy work environment. In conjunction with the study, the appreciation of the forms of perverse work (thus considered unhealthy, dangerous or painful activities), the projects to regulate the additional burden of hardship, the performance of the Judiciary and examples of painful activities, such as working in the sugar cane cutting, bus drivers and collectors and the public service of urban public cleaning. Thus, research on the subject is significant so that, under the norms and principles that govern environmental law, it is possible to outline paths that can guarantee a healthy quality of life for workers, regardless of the existence of ordinary laws regulating the aforementioned additional.
Os agrotóxicos e a divulgação científica: o visível e o invisibilizado
(Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, 2017-03-26) Souza, Ana Carla dos Santos; Aguiar, José Vicente de Souza; Aguiar, José Vicente de Souza; Alexino, Ricardo Ferreira; Costa, Mauro Gomes da; Souza, José Camilo Ramos de; Aguiar , Ana Paulina
It is necessary to highlight the social importance of science and Scientific Divulgation, so that both can offer society, information on the relationship science / society, considering the direct link between the achievements of science and its direct and indirect impacts on the mankind and environment. The general objective of the research was to analyze the existence of political and economic forces in the approach of the subject on pesticides, focusing on the emergence of the discussion with Rachel Carson in the 60s of the 20th century in the USA, to the present day, mainly focusing on discussions Governmental organizations. Through the analyzes of the Magazines Science Today and Children´s Science Today, considering frequency, discursiveness and textual construction of the contents analyzed. We seek to identify the reports and their strategies of approach, considering the levels of problematizations present in the texts. To this end, a literature search was conducted using a qualitative approach in a theoretical perspective of Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) of the magazines´ leads among 2000 and 2014. The magazines Science Today and Children´s Science Today publicly released 20 subjects with the theme that we present, in this temporal cut and their speeches are predominantly based on the environment, in spaces directed to the news. It should report that since the first edition, the magazine has positioned itself against the use of pesticides, not only presenting the dangers of use for humans and for the environment, but also arguing and advocating the use of ecologically viable alternatives such as sustainable use land, agro-ecology, the use of biopesticides or electronic tools pest detection, as well as presenting to the reader the latest changes as the legislation on the use of pesticides in the Brasil.
Aldeias - municípios indígenas: repensando o federalismo brasileiro e o constitucionalismo latino-americano
(Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, 2012-01-24) Nogueira, Caroline Barbosa Contente; Jacinto, Andrea Borghi Moreira; Dantas, Fernando Antônio de Carvalho; Jacinto, Andrea Borghi Moreira; Pozzetti, Valmir César; Almeida, Alfredo Wagner Berno de
Este trabajo visa reflexionar sobre la problemática de las “Ciudades Indígenas”, osando utilizar a denominación “Aldeas-Municipios Indígenas”, para, desde el diálogo que pasa entre las ciencias sociales y jurídicas, buscando comprender los conceptos en ellas inherentes, objetivando un estudio basado en problemas sociales que se observan en comunidades indígenas de alta concentración poblacional, caracterizándola, desde el punto de vista empírico, como “ciudades”. El origen de esta investigación remete a las discusiones con respeto al autogobierno indígena y de cómo el Estado Brasileño podrá reconocer a los modos de gestión tradicionales delante su organización federativa. El punto de partida son los artículos 231 y 232 de la Constitución Brasileña de 1988, que reconoce organización social, costumbres, lenguas, creencias, tradiciones y derechos originarios a las tierras tradicionalmente ocupadas por los pueblos indígenas. Desde esta perspectiva se hará la correlación de estos derechos a la cuestión estudiada, destacando los desafíos encontrados en el problema de la autonomía política, especialmente cuanto al artículo 1º de la Constitución de 1988, que trae la clausula pétrea del Pacto Federativo, impidiendo formalmente la modificación de la configuración política actual, y cuestiones que involucran a la soberanía nacional. Una de las fuentes tomadas como fundamento de esta investigación es el estudio comparado entre las normas constitucionales brasileñas y países latinoamericanos que admiten autonomías indígenas, así como el Constitucionalismo Latino-americano, con la intención de observar las propuestas para el reconocimiento de las autonomías territoriales indígenas en la organización política de estos países. Palabras-clave: Municipios Indígenas; ciudades indígenas; autonomía territorial; constitucionalismo latino-americano; Estado Plurinacional.
Alfabetização científica : o ensino da leitura e escrita em uma escola estadual de tempo integral em Manaus/AM
(Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, 2016-04-28) Castro, Valdeni Liborio de; Costa, Lucinete Gadelha da; Costa, Lucinete Gadelha da; Kalhil, Josefina Diosdada Barrera; Cavalheiro, Juciane dos Santos
Scientific literacy emerges in the educational context with the development of science, based on the assumption provide conditions for effective participation of people in their reality. The theme scholars seek to show the need for the construction of this the early years through an education that allows the manipulation of students with elements for reading the world around him. In this context, this master thesis titled scientific literacy in the teaching of reading and writing in full-time State School of Santa Terezinha that has the general objective to analyze the teaching of reading and writing the scientific literacy process and seek through the theoretical contributions Soares ( 2010), Kleiman (1995), Tfouni (2010); Chassot (2003, 2011) Sasseron (2008), Lorenzetti Delizoicov (2001), Lemke (2006) among others, reflect the construction of scientific literacy for teaching reasoning processes and learning of reading and writing. To seek to achieve the goal pretedindo made a methodological approach is a qualitative research that is characterized by the direct contact of the researcher with suejitos surveyed to analyze the interrelations that are built in a given reality. The research took place at a public school in the city of Manaus with a 5th class of elementary school and the subjects were the teacher and the students in this class, and the school pedagogue. The data collection instruments were participant observation, interview and completion of three (3) activities with the students of the 5th year of the initial years. The results showed a reading of teaching design and writing that goes against the concept of literacy and the pedagogical practice of the researched teaching is geared to work with genres based on a dialogical perspective. In this context, we highlight the scientific literacy indicators developed for the teaching of reading and writing process that enables thus affirm the scientific literacy process is process in the research group. Keywords: reading design and writing; teaching practice; scientific literacy indicators.
Alfabetização científica em espaços não - formais: um estudo com alunos indígenas
(Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, 2023-10-31) Santos, Maria Raimunda Martins; Almeida, Whasgthon Aguiar de; Aguiar, José Vicente de Souza; Lima, Maria Francisca Morais de
La investigación titulada: "Alfabetización Científica en Espacios No Formales: un estudio con estudiantes indígenas" tiene como objetivo mostrar cómo los estudiantes indígenas de una Escuela Indígena ubicada en el municipio de Alvarães - Am viven el proceso de Alfabetización Científica desde su propia comprensión de la ciencia en espacios no formales ubicados en su comunidad. Ante esto, tuvimos que utilizar una metodología para interpretar y describir los datos de 8 estudiantes mayoruna y un profesor indígena. A partir de ello, se recolectaron datos a través de la interacción con los sujetos involucrados en observación participante, ruedas de conversación, entrevistas, en las que se pudo identificar que los estudiantes indígenas tienen una forma única de pertenencia en los espacios no formales disponibles en sus comunidades. En las actividades realizadas durante el transcurso de la investigación, observamos que si bien los estudiantes indígenas no han tenido contacto con el conocimiento científico sistematizado, tienen una cosmovisión basada en una mirada peculiar a la ciencia que puede contribuir significativamente a la planificación de acciones que articulen la escuela indígena a estos espacios no formales. Vale la pena enfatizar la necesidad de que estas acciones estén dirigidas a la realidad de los estudiantes, teniendo en cuenta sus conocimientos previos basados en conocimientos tradicionales que contribuir a la adquisición y construcción de nuevos conocimientos científicos que ser construido según el diálogo entre los diversos conocimientos de la comunidad. Palabras clave: Alfabetización Científica, Espacios No Formales, Educación Escolar Indígena.
Alfabetização científica em espaços não-formais: fortalecendo a cidadania de estudantes ribeirinhos
(Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, 2023-10-31) Silva, Cassiane dos Santos da; Almeida, Whasgthon Aguiar de; Costa, Lucinete Gadelha da; Borges, Heloisa da Silva
Non-Formal Spaces for riverside students plays a fundamental role in preserving and valuing local culture, adapting the needs and realities of the community by relating it to local and scientific knowledge, seeking to promote the educational development of forest people through scientific literacy which aims to strengthen the feeling of citizenship of the people of the forest, in view of this the general objective of the research is to analyze how riverside students in the 5th year of Elementary School experience the process of Scientific Literacy possible to awaken feelings of citizenship, with specific objectives to analyze the Theoretical discourses that deal with Scientific Literacy in Non-Formal Spaces deal with the formation of a feeling of citizenship among riverside students. Know how the Scientific Literacy process works for riverside students. And to highlight how the feeling of citizenship is built among students who experienced a process of scientific literacy in non-formal spaces. The methodology used is bibliographical review and field research, using the techniques of participant observation, dialogue group and semi-structured interview, based on a qualitative approach which aims to interpret the investigative phenomena of the participants during the actions and reflections presented in the process experienced about the scientific literacy in non-formal spaces as strengthening citizenship. Thus, the final considerations present the results of the experiences during the investigative process, which we can see that Scientific Literacy goes beyond scientific methods, it also sharpens the perspective of knowledge that crosses generations, loaded with culture, identity in its place of belonging in the midst of rivers and forests that constantly dialogue with science, thus, non-formal spaces allow us to experience teaching freely, without the paradigm of having the school space as the only learning environment, bringing experiences that contribute to strengthening citizenship of seeking information. Keywords: Scientific Literacy; Non-formal spaces; Citizenship.
A alfabetização científica no ensino de Ciências no 5º ano do ensino fundamental em uma escola de tempo integral no município de Manaus/AM.
(Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, 2017-11-07) Melo, Rafael de Azevedo; Costa, Lucinete Gadelha da; Costa, Lucinete Gadelha da; Cavalcante, Lucíola Inês Pessoa; Costa, Mauro Gomes da
This dissertation with the theme The Scientific Literacy in the Teaching of Sciences in the 5th year of Elementary School in a School of Integral Time in the city of Manaus / AM, linked to the Postgraduate Program in Education and Teaching of Sciences in the Amazon, by the State University of Amazonas, is guided by the following scientific problem: how is the process of Scientific Literacy in Science Teaching developed in a class of the 5th year of Elementary School in a School of Integral Time in the City of Manaus? For this purpose, we have outlined the general objective: to understand how the process of Scientific Literacy in Science Teaching is developed in a group of the 5th year of Elementary School in a School of Integral Time in the City of Manaus. In order for us to achieve this goal, we draw the following specific objectives: Identify the theoretical-practical foundations of scientific literacy and science teaching; To know the conceptions of scientific literacy and science teaching expressed in the pedagogical proposal of the School of Integral Time and of the subjects researched; To analyze the pedagogical practice of the teacher, the use of the spaces and / or resources used in the science classes that can favor the Scientific Literacy. Our methodological approach was based on the qualitative approach, where we used interviews, observation and documentary research, and content analysis guided the analysis procedures. In the results and discussions indicated that the pedagogical practice, well developed and intentional, in Science Teaching, based on connections with natural phenomena, sociocultural and the training of students for the full exercise of citizenship, with a view to their social well-being, provided possibilities in the process of Scientific Literacy, developing students' scientific skills, such as observing and elaborating hypotheses through systematized thoughts. We verified the indicators of Scientific Literacy, pointed out in the work of Sasseron and discussed in our research. Keywords: Scientific Literacy. Science teaching. Pedagogical Practice. Learning
Alfabetização ecológica na percepção ambiental de estudantes de uma escola municipal em Parintins/AM
(Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, 2019-08-29) Duarte, Mateus de Souza; Souza, José Camilo Ramos de Souza; Costa, Lucélida de Fátima Maia da Costa; Aguiar, José Vicente de Souza Aguiar
The present construction reflects the following problem: “Considering the environmental perception of riverine students about Amazonian ecosystems, what can be evidenced from their reports as indicators of Ecological Literacy”? To this end, we go along with the general objective of “understanding the learning of riverine children from the articulation of Ecological Literacy with the dynamics of floodplain and terra firme ecosystems, highlighting the effects they generate on their perceptions and socio-environmental representations of the place of life”. Three general objectives were sewn to the general objective: To verify, from the reports of the riverine students, their perceptions about the ecological dynamics observed in the Amazonian ecosystems; Identify elements from students 'perceptions about ecological dynamics, which may contribute to the construction of their Ecological Literacy and Articulate students' knowledge about the dynamics of Amazonian ecosystems to scientific knowledge, highlighting their approximations and distances. The theoretical and methodological course was organized in Odum (1988), Jacaúna (2012), Capra (2003; 2006; 1990), Morin (2003; 2005; 2006; 2007), Krasilchik and Marandino (2007), Lopes (1999) , Souza (2013), Chassot (2003, 2007, 2008), building our contribution on Ecological Literacy, Riverside Community and Science Teaching. The research is qualitative and phenomenological, focused on ethnography and case study. The data collection techniques used were participant observation, field diary, drawing, interview. The activities were developed through observations of the Natural Sciences classes, with the construction of a terrarium and a water filter for soil study, a drawing workshop based on a Didactic Sequence. We analyzed the speeches of the subjects, which were 14 students. The method of analysis was the Phenomenological Analysis, by Bicudo et al (2011). A questionnaire was applied to the class teacher. Finally, we affirm that indicators of Ecological Literacy can be perceived from the reports of riverine children, such as notions of ecosystems and their importance to life, when considering the environmental perception of Amazonian ecosystems. The research was designed to understand and reflect on the initial question, but is open for future research, reference, corroborations and contradictions in the area.
Alfabetização ecológica no ensino fundamental utilizando o "caramujo africano" achatina fulica
(Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, 2013-03-07) Queiroz, Ricardo Moreira de; Fachín Terán, Augusto; Fachín Terán, Augusto; Gonçalves, Carolina Brandão; Jacobucci, Daniela Franco Carvalho
La introducción de especies exóticas en ambientes como Amazonia tiene una serie de consecuencias, incluyendo la pérdida de biodiversidad, la introducción de enfermedades y otros problemas. Comprender las causas y consecuencias de la perspectiva histórica de la ciencia sobre la inclusión de especies exóticas en ambientes prístinos, así como los problemas que esta acción puede ocasionar al medio ambiente y la sociedad, es una de las preocupaciones de la educación. Esta investigación buscó relacionar e integrar un tema de relevancia social, la invasión biológica de Achatina fulica "caracol africano", la importancia de trabajar en Educación Primaria este tema, ya que es parte de la vida cotidiana de las personas que viven cerca de esa zona. En este sentido, esta investigación tuvo como objetivo investigar si es posible que los estudiantes de primaria ecológicamente alfabetizados escolares con especies invasoras, caracol africano en diferentes espacios educativos, a fin de aclarar la representación de estudiantes locales en el tema de las especies invasoras y los problemas que puede hacer que las relaciones ecológicas en un ecosistema. El enfoque metodológico se fundamenta en el enfoque cualitativo descriptivo y el uso de técnicas de observación, entrevista y cuestionario. También, se consideraron los datos cuantitativos para el análisis interpretativa. Los sujetos del estudio fueron 51 estudiantes y dos profesores de las clases de 4 º y 5 º de primaria en el turno de la mañana. La recolección de datos tuvo lugar en el salón de clases, en el Jardín Botánico de Manaus Adolpho Ducke, y un lugar situado cerca de la escuela. Los datos se analizaron por medio de la construcción del Discurso del Sujeto Colectivo. Los resultados están anclados en los indicadores de alfabetización ecológica demostrada por Capra (2006) y se basan en el cambio de diseño relacionado con el tema "caracol africano" Achatina fulica, porque la situación no era visto como un problema de relaciones más ecológicos. Por lo tanto, la evidencia ecológica, recogidas y presentadas en esta investigación, ya que hay un cambio de actitud en relación con el tema de la invasión de reconocimiento organismos de nuestras acciones cotidianas como educadores y de los contribuyentes en la formación del resultado construcción crítica y reflexiva de los primeros fundamentos de una alfabetización Ecológica.
Alfabetização ecológica usando os anfíbios anuros em espaços educativos
(Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, 2017-08-29) Cunha, Renata Gomes da; Terán, Augusto Fachín; Terán, Augusto Fachín; Silva, Cirlande Cabral da; Araujo, Cleusa Suzana Oliveira de
Considerando la importancia de la cuestión ambiental en el momento actual y la relevancia de trabajar el tema de la Alfabetización Ecológica desde las primeras fases formativas del niño, hemos visto en el tema anfibios anuros la posibilidad de trabajar esta temática, ya que en esa fase los niños pasan por procesos de construcción y adquisición de nuevos conceptos, valores, habilidades y actitudes. El proceso educativo cumple el papel de traer elementos motivadores para una mayor interacción y conectividad con la naturaleza. El objetivo de esta investigación fue comprender en qué medida el tema anfibio anuros favorece el proceso de Alfabetización Ecológica en los niños de Educación Infantil. Se trata de una investigación de enfoque cualitativo con características de investigación-acción utilizando técnicas de observación, entrevista y cuestionario semi estructurado. El trabajo fue realizado en el Centro Municipal de Educación Infantil y Jardín Botánico de Manaus Adolpho Ducke. Los sujetos de la investigación fueron cuatro profesoras y 75 niños de ambos sexos. Los datos fueron analizados por medio del análisis del discurso, usando la conversa de las profesoras y de los niños. Se identificaron los indicadores de Alfabetización Ecológica mediante la técnica del Discurso del Sujeto Colectivo, anclados en los principios de Fritjof Capra, que se sustentan en la formación del sujeto ecológico. Encontramos deficiencia en la formación de las profesoras, pues no poseían conocimientos biológicos específicos. Los niños presentaron conocimientos previos satisfactorios sobre los anfibios anuros, y se ven como parte del ecosistema, comprendiendo la función de cada ser vivo y las consecuencias de la desaparición de las especies. La interacción e intercambio de experiencias traspasó los muros de la escuela, llegando a las casas, a los vecinos y principalmente a los otros niños. Palabras clave: Alfabetización Ecológica. Anfibios Anuros. Educación Infantil. Espacios educativos
Aloimunização eritrocitária em pacientes com doença falciforme do Estado do Amazonas
(Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, 2017-06-21) Lins, Pollyana Acordi Cabete; Fraiji, Nelson Abrahim; Albuquerque, Sérgio Roberto Lopes; Fraiji, Nelson Abrahim; Albuquerque, Sergio Roberto Lopes; Paula, Erich Vinicius de
Sickle cell disease (DF) is now one of the main inherited diseases, with global distribution, being its therapy the prevention of complications and clinical treatment erythrocyte alloimmunization in patients with falciform disease of the state of Amazonas. With the use of transfusion therapy of red blood cells, patients have a large blood transfusion history, resulting in several complications. Among them, the most important is erythrocyte alloimmunization. Different mechanisms have been presented to understand the development of this adverse reaction between responders and no responders ranging from antigenic characteristics to immunological aspects of the patient, as well as the number of transfusions and the presence of co infections at the moment of transfusion. Objective: We developed this study for the investigation of erythrocyte alloimmunization in patients with FD accompanied by the State of Amazonas. Materials and Methods: We studied sickle cell patients attended in which the clinical and laboratory findings were evaluated regarding the number of transfusions and the impact on the presence of irregular antibody. Results: A total of 163 patients were studied, of which 27(16,56%) had single or multiple alloantibodies, generally directed against 12 antigens, most notably anti-E (28.2%), anti-Kell (23.0%), 4 patients RhD Positive with anti-RhD (10.2%) and anti-Dia of the Diego system (10.2%), regarding the number of transfusion was observed a higher frequency of alloimmunization in the patients with the highest number of transfusion. Conclusion: In view of the presented results, it is possible to infer the importance of the implementation of an extended phenotype program of donors and polytransferred patients considering regional characteristics and that transfusion therapy may be related to the process of aloimmunization with the formation of autoantibodies suggesting an immunomodulation reaction, these results being of great value in clinical and laboratory orientation, in order to promote safety in transfusion therapy
Alterações citogenéticas em crianças portadoras de leucemia linfoide aguda B no Amazonas
(Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, 2015-10-15) Aguiar, Renata de Almeida Lemos; Ferreira, Cristina Motta; Passos, Leny Nascimento da Motta; Ferreira, Cristina Motta
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a neoplasia characterized by lymphoblasts accumulated in bone marrow, suppressing the development of normal cells. The LLA is the most common cancer in pediatrics and 85% of cases include lymphocyte lineage B (LLA-B). Genetic alterations are related to the pathogenesis of the disease and its identification is useful for a more refined diagnosis and allows the treatment optimization through patient´s stratification into the risk groups. The aim of this study is to estimate the frequency of the genetic alterations of prognostic importance in pediatric patients with ALL-B de novo at the FHHEMOAM. Cytogenetic evaluations of the cells obtained from bone marrow and / or peripheral blood were performed, using techniques such as G banding and in situ hybridization by fluorescence (FISH). Thirty-five pediatric patients diagnosed with ALL-B recruited were included in the period of one year. Among samples analyzed 40% were female and 60% male, 20% caucasians and 80% brown. Their ages ranged from 1 to 17 years, with a median of 3. Most patients (57.1%) were from the Capital, and the remaining 42.9%, were from other cities. It was observed that the most of the patient´s mothers had elementary school, and receive between 1 and 3 minimum salaries. Cytogenetic analysis identified 6 hyperdiploidy cases, 3 chromosome deletion cases (11q23) and 2 translocation cases t (9; 22). No statistical difference was found between cytogenetics in relation to gender, median age, race and origin. Evaluation of the FISH technique, showed changes in only one sample with (9;22) resulting in a fusion BCR / ABL. The frequency of cytogenetic changes were similar to those already described in the literature and karyotype analysis remains the best method for assessment of numerical changes and to assess the general karyotype. The FISH technique should be part of the diagnostic testing as molecular methodology for cryptic rearrangements of identification that escape conventional cytogenetic analysis.
Amplitude do Conceito Jurídico de Futuras Gerações e do Respectivo Direito ao Meio Ambiente Ecologicamente Equilibrado
(Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, 2011-07-29) Ramos Júnior, Dempsey Pereira; Silveira, Edson Damas da; Silveira, Edson Damas da; Melo, Sandro Nahmias; Barbosa, Walmir de Albuquerque
This work deals with intergenerational legal relations instituted by article 225 of brazilian Federal Constitution. That legal provision launches, in brazilian environmental law, a kind of relation formed by intergenerational solidarity links, that connects different generations around the defense and preservation of the ecologically balanced environment duty. Within this theme, the work looks for the legal concept of future generations, presenting objective criterions able to define the frontiers that set apart a present generation from a past generation and a future generation. Considering that the mentioned constitutional provision refers to a fundamental right − ecologically balanced environment −, and that this right is assured both in favor of the present generation, as the future generations; there is a right colision in the intergenerational field. Before this problem, the work presents decision techniques, criterions and methods to resolve intergenerational rights colision, avoiding the annihilation of both parts‟ rights: present generation and future generations. As a method, the work makes use of an hypothetical nuclear accident case, supposedly ocurred in Brazil under the Federal Constitution of 1988, to exemplifies the amplitude of environmental damages caused against interests of future generations. Based upon official data produced by International Atomic Energy Agency, the work shows which solutions the brazilian legal order offers to a kinf of disaster whose effects can spread out along 310.608 years. The objective is to evidence the amplitude and the limit of future generations right. Before this hiperdilated time extention, typical of environmental matters, the work deals with an epsitemological problem known as environmental law time paradox. To resolve this problem, the work proposes the incorporation of space-time astrophysics concept by law theory, making use of the autopoietic systems theory, developed by Luhmann and Teubner. As result, a decision technique emerges at law disposal, able to conciliate the past, the present and the future, by means of transgenerational sentences.